Aquaculture of marine non‐food organisms: what, why and how?

Abstract

Aquaculture is among the fastest growing industries in the world and the fastest in the food production sector. However, not all aquaculture organisms are produced for human consumption. Indeed, an important fraction of aquaculture products target a wide variety of applications, from pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, ornamental and nutraceutical applications, as well as biofuel production, conservation efforts and academic purposes, among others. Despite the increasing importance of aquaculture for non‐food purposes, a comprehensive review covering the state of the art of this topic, its latest developments and future trends is missing. Here, we review what marine organisms are produced for non‐food purposes, as well as why and how they are produced. Instead of providing a thorough methodological review, production protocols are briefly summarized and an updated guide to the most relevant literature is provided. We overview current developments driving the aquaculture of non‐food organisms, underpin their most significant applications and highlight future prospects for non‐food aquaculture.

Valorization of Lipids from Gracilaria sp. through Lipidomics and Decoding of Antiproliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Activity

“…This group of seaweeds is well adapted to cultivation on land-based integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems, allowing its sustainable production under controlled and replicable conditions that provide a secure supply of high-grade seaweed biomass for demanding markets (e.g., food, pharmaceuticals) [1,2,3]. Gracilaria sp.…”

“…To date, they allowed for the identification of the full lipidome signature of cultivated seaweeds Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, 1753 [37], Chondrus crispus Stackhouse, 1797 [26], and Codium tomentosum Stackhouse, 1797 [25]. These novel approaches based on specific identification and quantification at the molecular level using high-throughput analysis are promising tools for bioprospection [3,38,39]. …”

Assessment of potential trade‐off between maternal colouration and offspring quality in the ornamental “red cherry” shrimpNeocaridina davidi(Bouvier)

“…In 2014, the production of crustaceans from aquaculture amounted to 6.9 million tonnes, with an estimated value of US$36.2 billion (FAO, ). Crustaceans are cultured not only for human consumption, but also for a wide variety of commodities and activities, among which aquarium trade for ornamental species has become a very appealing commercial enterprise in recent years (De Grave et al., ; Leal, Rocha, Rosa & Calado, ). Their ornamental status is owed mainly to their beautiful colouration, and brightly coloured red, orange or yellow specimens are usually preferred.…”

Effect of different frozen fresh diets to broodstock growth, reproductive performance and larvae of cleaner shrimp, Lysmata amboinensis

“…Presently, most of the ornamental species captured from coral reefs area have been documented to be critically endangered are due to direct or indirect threats associated with human activities (Leal et al, 2012;Thornhill, 2012), leading to biodiversity reduction and ecological imbalances Bunting, 2003). Captive breeding of ornamental species lessen strain on coral reefs besides meeting the increasing market demands (Leal et al, 2016a). In recent years, ornamental shrimp has become one of the top traded invertebrates along, with some species of genera Lysmata and Stenopus, which represents the highest commodity of shrimps traded in the marine aquarium industry (Calado et al, 2017).…”