Abstract:Mass cytometry is a novel cell-by-cell analysis technique, which uses elemental tags instead of fluorophores. Sample cells undergo rapid ionization in inductively coupled plasma and the ionized elemental tags are then analyzed by means of time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Benefits of the mass cytometry approach are in no need for compensation, the high number of detection channels (up to 100) and low background noise. In this work, we applied a biotinylated aptamer against human PTK7 receptor for characterizat… Show more
“…) need to be updated with the latest developments, i.e. aptamer‐facilitated mass cytometry used for characterization of leukemia cells . Aptamers, which can be selected in parallel against a variety of targets for multi‐panel studies , will benefit researchers.…”
“…) need to be updated with the latest developments, i.e. aptamer‐facilitated mass cytometry used for characterization of leukemia cells . Aptamers, which can be selected in parallel against a variety of targets for multi‐panel studies , will benefit researchers.…”
“…However, many additional bioaffinity reagents are possible. Other examples of targeting moieties that have been explored for MC experiments include aptamers, − biotin, ,, DNA oligonucleotides, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and lectins …”
Mass cytometry (cytometry by time-of-flight detection
[CyTOF])
is a bioanalytical technique that enables the identification and quantification
of diverse features of cellular systems with single-cell resolution.
In suspension mass cytometry, cells are stained with stable heavy-atom
isotope-tagged reagents, and then the cells are nebulized into an
inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOF-MS)
instrument. In imaging mass cytometry, a pulsed laser is used to ablate
ca. 1 μm2 spots of a tissue section. The plume is
then transferred to the CyTOF, generating an image of biomarker expression.
Similar measurements are possible with multiplexed ion bean imaging
(MIBI). The unit mass resolution of the ICP-TOF-MS detector allows
for multiparametric analysis of (in principle) up to 130 different
parameters. Currently available reagents, however, allow simultaneous
measurement of up to 50 biomarkers. As new reagents are developed,
the scope of information that can be obtained by mass cytometry continues
to increase, particularly due to the development of new small molecule
reagents which enable monitoring of active biochemistry at the cellular
level. This review summarizes the history and current state of mass
cytometry reagent development and elaborates on areas where there
is a need for new reagents. Additionally, this review provides guidelines
on how new reagents should be tested and how the data should be presented
to make them most meaningful to the mass cytometry user community.
“…7) Mass cytometry: Mass cytometry is a novel technique that quantitatively analyzes cell number one by one through using biotinylated aptamers in conjunction with metal-labeled neutravidin to characterize target cells, the characteristic cells undergo rapid ionization and the ionized elemental tags are analyzed by means of time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Figure 7). 63Figure 1A model of Apt-AuNP and Apt-MNP generation. ( A ) Aptamer is conjugated with AuNP.…”
Section: Aptamers’ Generation and Optimizationmentioning
Leukemia immunotherapy has been dominant via using synthetic antibodies to target cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules, nevertheless inevitable cytotoxicity and immunogenicity would limit its development. Recently, increasing reports have focused on nucleic acid aptamers, a class of high-affinity nucleic acid ligands. Aptamers purportedly serve as “chemical antibodies”, have negligible cytotoxicity and low immunogenicity, and would be widely applied for the therapy and diagnosis of various diseases, especially leukemia. In the preclinical applications, nucleic acid aptamers have displayed the augmented specificity and selectivity via recognizing targets on leukemia cells based on unique three-dimensional conformations. As small molecules with nucleic acid characteristics, aptamers need to be chemically modified to resist nuclease degradation, renal clearance and improve binding affinities. Moreover, aptamers can be linked with neoteric detection techniques to enhance sensitivity and selectivity of diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we summarized aptamers’ preparation, chemical modification and conjugation, and discussed the application of aptamers in diagnosis and treatment of leukemia through highly specifically recognizing target molecules. Significantly, the application prospect of aptamers in fusion genes would be introduced.
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