Aptamer-based therapy for fighting biofilm-associated infections

Sousa, Ana Margarida; Ferreira, Débora; Rodrigues, Lígia Raquel; Pereira, Maria Olívia

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.061

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The mixed L-RNA/L-DNA aptamer AON-D21 targets C5a and C5adesArg, cleavage products of complement component C5 that are important for inflammatory responses, as they recruit pro-inflammatory immune cells, activate phagocytic cells, and trigger granule release [79,80]. This inflammation can lead to immunopathology in some cases, so AON-D21 is being explored as an infectious disease therapeutic and is undergoing clinical for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia [81]. AON-D21 is also in clinical trials for the autoimmune disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) since C5a and C5adesArg are also involved in the migration of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood, which is important for the pathogenesis of PNH [82,83].…”

Section: Autoimmune Cancer and Infectious Disease Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Applications of Aptamers

Santarpia,

Carnes

2024

Preprint

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Affinity reagents, or target-binding molecules, are quite versatile and are major workhorses in molecular biology and medicine. Antibodies are the most famous and frequently used type and they have been used for a wide range of applications, including laboratory techniques, diagnostics, and therapeutics. However, antibodies are not the only available affinity reagents and they do have significant drawbacks, including laborious and costly production. Aptamers are one potential alternative that have a variety of unique advantages. They are single stranded DNA or RNA molecules that can be selected for binding to many targets including proteins, carbohydrates, and small molecules – for which antibodies typically have low affinity. There are also a variety of cost-effective methods for producing and modifying nucleic acids in vitro without cells, whereas antibodies typically require cells or even whole animals. While there are also significant drawbacks to using aptamers in therapeutic applications, including low in vivo stability, aptamers have had success in clinical trials for treating a variety of diseases and two aptamer-based drugs have gained FDA approval. Aptamer development is still ongoing, which could lead to additional applications of aptamer therapeutics, including antitoxins, and combinatorial approaches with nanoparticles and other nucleic acid therapeutics that could improve efficacy.

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