Approche minéralogique de la poterie du Néolithique ancien de la Baume Fontbrégoua à Salernes (Var)

Abstract

For the first time, 113 neolithic potteries of the baume Fontbrégoua, from the Cardial and prechassean levels, have been studied by microscopic examination, and the results statistically processed and compared with samples of local clays. Groups of similar composition have been determined and their possible provenance studied. This study has shown important differences between the Cardial and the middle Neolithic concerning their supplying strategy. During the Cardial it seems that men had contacts with a large region, whereas during the middle Neolithic these contacts seem to have been reduced and limited to the Salernes area. At the technological level we can note differences as important as at the mineralogical level between these two periods, and the question arises of a possible radical change of population at this moment.

Clay Resources and Technical Choices for Neolithic Pottery (Chalain, Jura, France): Chemical, Mineralogical and Grain‐size Analyses*

“…Moreover, sudden changes from one raw material source to another were common. Such changes have been observed in various archaeological sites belonging to different Neolithic or protohistoric contexts (Balfet 1962; Courtois 1971; Hultén 1977; Steponaitis 1984; Constantin 1985; Constantin and Courtois 1985; Allen 1991; Echallier and Courtin 1994; Molinas 1995; Morzadec 1996; Colas 2000; Martineau 2000a,b; Sénépart and Convertini 2000). Within the framework of a general study of raw materials and techniques of Late Neolithic pottery from lake dwellings in Chalain and Clairvaux (Jura, France) (Martineau 2000a), the origin of several raw materials has been identified (Martineau et al .…”

Structure et identité des styles céramiques du Néolithique ancien entre Rhône et Èbre

“…Pour compléter ce panorama, nous avons ajouté à notre analyse les données de trois gisements, situés dans l'aire rhodano-provençale, dont les caractéristiques du système céramique étaient disponibles en bibliographie. Il s'agit de la grotte Lombard, Saint-Vallier-de-Thiey, Alpes-Maritimes (Binder éd., 1991), de la baume de Fontbrégoua c. 47-46, Salernes, Var (Échallier, Courtin, 1994) et de l'abri de La Tardive, Berrias-et-Casteljau, Ardèche, (Roudil et al, 1991).…”

“…La filiation entre Cardial ancien et Cardial récent est nette puisque malgré certains changements les éléments clés constitutifs de ces deux faciès restent les mêmes. Le Cardial récent a bien été individualisé en Provence (Binder éd., 1991 ;Échallier, Courtin, 1994), dans la moyenne vallée du Rhône (Beeching, 1995), en Aragon (Baldellou, Utrilla, 1999) et également en Catalogne (Bosch i Argilagôs, 1993;Bosch i Lloret, 1994). Les caractéristiques stylistiques de la céramique peuvent se manifester différemment suivant les régions, mais d'une manière générale l'utilisation de la coquille de cardium régresse au profit d'impressions de types variés.…”

Identifying spathic calcite recipe in archaeological ceramics: possibilities and limitations

“…In this way, the use of crushed calcite temper in surrounding regions could indicate the existence of contacts, social interactions and cultural transmission that would have promoted the establishment of a cultural koine throughout this large territory. Thus, the use of this temper is well-known in the Mediterranean area since the Neolithic (5000-3000 BC) and Chalcolithic (3000-1750 BC) periods in places like Greece [15], the Balkans [16], Italy [17,18], southern France [19][20][21][22], and the Iberian Peninsula [23,24]. Moreover, its use is also documented in the English Bell-Beaker period [25,26].…”