Approaching the Limits of FlexRay

Heller, Christoph; Schalk, Josef; Schneele, Stefan; Reichel, Reinhard

doi:10.1109/nca.2008.25

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Propagation delays are caused by the transmitting and receiving bus drivers, active star couplers and the limited signal propagation velocity of the bus cabling itself. Staying below this limit is not a critical point, even if cable lengths are greater than 100 m [4]. The value of 2.5 μs has no direct correspondent in the protocol.…”

Section: Figure 2 Signal Decodingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…All these 1.B. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] specifications are made at the expense of performance in terms of achievable cable lengths or data rate. The resulting performance is probably sufficient for almost any automotive application, but certainly not for aeronautic use-cases.…”

Section: Weak Points Of the Flexray Physical Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies [4] came to the result that the FlexRay physical layer can robustly run on harnesses with a cable length of 90 m at data rates up to 5 Mbit/s if high quality cables with low losses are used and the topology is appropriately dimensioned (i.e. short stub lines).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enabling FlexRay for avionic data buses

Heller¹,

Reichel

2009

2009 IEEE/AIAA 28th Digital Avionics Systems Conference

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The aeronautic industry and its suppliers show increasing interest in utilizing the automotive FlexRay protocol for their applications, more than ever since an opening of the standard for all industries and field of applications becomes apparent. With its combination of deterministic and flexible communication and data rates up to 10 Mbit/s on a single twisted wire pair, FlexRay is a promising candidate for future system developments and the modernization of CAN based systems. Currently, the performance of the protocol is rather unknown in an aeronautic environment, in particular with respect to its physical layer. This paper analyzes the signal decoding process of FlexRay and derives dedicated signal integrity criteria for the protocol. An efficient method based on the transmission and evaluation of worst-case bit patterns is developed for the assessment of signal integrity on demanding topologies with significant attenuation and resulting inter-symbol interferences. RS485 is discussed as a possible alternative physical layer for the FlexRay protocol to improve the communication performance. Finally, a use-case topology with a harness length of 90 m is presented to evaluate the achievable performance when utilizing the FlexRay protocol. Signal integrity is demonstrated and validated on the topology at a data rate of 10 Mbit/s to prove the suitability of FlexRay for aeronautic applications.

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Section: Figure 2 Signal Decodingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Weak Points Of the Flexray Physical Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enabling FlexRay for avionic data buses

Heller¹,

Reichel

2009

2009 IEEE/AIAA 28th Digital Avionics Systems Conference

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“…The paper approaches the limits of the Flexray by Christoph Heller, Josef Schalk, and Stefan Schneele Reinhard Reichel and derives worst case signal integrity criteria for FlexRay and applies them to an excellent aeronautic topology with six nodes and an overall length of 90m. The paper highlights the fact that reliable communication is conditionally possible on the topology at data rates up to 5 Mbit/s [18].…”

Section: The Flexray Communication In Automotivementioning

confidence: 99%

A review on steer-by-wire system using Flexray

Mane¹,

Sonavane²,

Shingare³

2011

2011 2nd International Conference on Wireless Communication, Vehicular Technology, Information Theory and Aerospace &Amp; Elect

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Flexray is inclusive solution to managing communication between multiple ECUs (Electronic Control Units) in the vehicles. The Flexray protocol specifies versatile message identifiers that can be mapped to specific control information categories. Communications may occur at a maximum recommended rate of 10 Mbit/sec. FlexRay is a nextgeneration automotive control and communication protocol projected for safety-critical automotive applications such as Xby-Wire system, where electronic connections will replace the mechanical linkages. In this paper, we have presented a review, how the Flexray is expanding its area of working and applications in automotive Electronics.

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“…The FlexRay protocol assumes the presence of a steady physical medium for data transfer, with negligible bit-error rates [54]. Hence the standard does not provide a mechanism for retransmission or error correction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhancing automotive embedded systems with FPGAs

Shreejith¹

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Modern vehicles represent a complex distributed cyber-physical system that simultaneously handles critical functions like drive-by-wire systems, non-critical functions like window/door control, and compute intensive multimedia functions. Distributed electronic control units (ECUs), which integrate processing elements and supporting peripherals (network interfaces, memory), implement a variety of functions in software, and information is exchanged between ECUs and sensors/actuators over in-vehicle networks. As the complexity of applications rises with increasing automation, extensive hardware support is required in the form of multicore processors or special purpose hardware accelerators to offer required levels of performance. Additional features also drive an increase in the number of ECUs since new functions are rarely consolidated on existing ECUs. Furthermore, network interfaces implemented as ASICs or dedicated logic must be adapted to handle increased communication loads, consuming power and requiring more infrastructure support in terms of cabling and weight. The increasing number of safety-critical functions further impacts complexity if existing one-to-one redundancy schemes are applied. Rising automation also poses news challenges like security, with researchers showing that internal networks are easily manipulated with catastrophic effects and total loss of control. Our research aims to address these challenges using architectural enhancements that are transparent at the computational and network levels, leveraging the capabilities of reconfigurable hardware. We present advanced ECU architectures with extended network capabilities, apply these in the context of safety critical systems, explore ways of extending these schemes to offer advanced security features, and show how such advanced systems can be validated in hardware. Our work represents an advancement in the state of the art with regard to applying FPGAs in vehicular systems.

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Approaching the Limits of FlexRay

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Enabling FlexRay for avionic data buses

Enabling FlexRay for avionic data buses

A review on steer-by-wire system using Flexray

Enhancing automotive embedded systems with FPGAs

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