“…In a series of publications, Hall and colleagues have argued for an emphasis on ontological, as well as ideological, reflection (e.g. Hall, 2021; Hall & Wicaksono, 2020a; Hall, Wicaksono, Liu, Qian, & Xu, 2017), calling for actions to promote “ontological clarity” and consequent belief change in teachers (Hall & Cunningham, 2020, p. 12).…”