“…In terms of secondary education, international research was carried out (Zoller, 2015), based on the presumption that school assessment and, in particular, academic achievement of students might not fully represent their real economic abilities, since at secondary schools all cognitive levels under the Bloom's Taxonomy (Bloom, 1956) -an internationally recognized framework for the assessment of cognitive abilities -were not included. Research done in the international environment (Zoller, 2015) and the Czech environment (Berková & Krpálek, 2017;Berková, Krejčová, Králová, Krpálek, Krpálková, Králová, & Kolářová, 2018) proved that there was a weak relation between academic achievement which usually reflected the lowerorder cognitive levels and the real cognitive abilities of students that might not correspond to those needed at school. This relation between academic achievement and achievement under Bloom's Taxonomy of Cognitive Goals was also demonstrated in the academic environment by Kiliyanni and Sivaraman (2016) and further confirmed in the USA (Little, Miyashita, Karasawa, Mashima, Oettingen, Azuma, & Baltes, 2003).…”