Approaches to localized pancreatic cancer

Loos, Martin; Kleeff, Jörg; Friess, Helmut; Büchler, Markus W.

doi:10.1007/s11912-008-0033-8

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Probably, as reported for prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3, 19 Bcl-x L , expressed by increasing the FCS concentration in culture media, protects cells from >-TOS-dependent apoptosis. The role of this antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family in regulating pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis has been well documented: (1) Bcl-x L is expressed by untreated pancreatic cancer cell lines 33Y35 ; (2) when Bcl-x L is silenced, pancreatic cancer cell sensitivity to the proapoptotic drug gemcitabine is increased 36 ; and (3) Bcl-x L overexpression is associated with the resistance that pancreatic cancer cells acquire toward proapoptotic chemotherapeutic agents. 36 The key role of the mitochondrial proapoptotic proteins, Bax and Bak, in mediating the antiproliferative effects of >-TOS, was confirmed in the present investigation on analyzing the response of MEF-WT and MEF-DKO cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogs of Vitamin E Epitomized by α-Tocopheryl Succinate for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

Greco¹,

Basso²,

Fadi³

et al. 2010

Pancreas

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogs of Vitamin E Epitomized by α-Tocopheryl Succinate for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

Greco¹,

Basso²,

Fadi³

et al. 2010

Pancreas

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“…22 Even the few patients (approximately 10-15%) who qualify for potentially curative resection have 5 y survival rates of only 15-20%, since most of these PDAC are diagnosed at a late stage with occult metastasis or advanced local growth. 23 If pancreatic cancer could be diagnosed more readily and accurately using serum markers, patient survival could theoretically be improved by enabling more patients to benefit from resection. One key to early detection of PDAC would be to distinguish between classical type 2 DM and PDAC-associated DM (type 3c) in cases of recent-onset DM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucagon/insulin ratio as a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer in patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus

Kolb¹,

Rieder²,

Born³

et al. 2009

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. This dismal prognosis is largely due to the advanced stage of the disease at presentation, i.e., the late diagnosis. Therefore, early detection would have the potential to significantly improve the overall prognosis of PDAC patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a high prevalence in PDAC patients and is frequently of new onset. The aim of this study was to analyze whether DM can be utilized as an early disease marker in PDAC. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry for insulin and glucagon was performed in 22 PDAC and 16 normal pancreas tissues. Blood samples of 66 patients suffering from PDAC, 35 DM type 2 patients, and 29 healthy donors were analyzed for insulin, glucagon, C-peptide and glucose levels. Quantitative RT-PCR showed a two-fold increase of the glucagon/insulin ratio in pancreatic cancer tissues in comparison to the normal pancreas. By immunohistochemistry a shift in the expression pattern of glucagon and insulin, i.e., a higher glucagon/insulin ratio was found in PDAC associated islets compared to islets in the normal pancreas. Fasting insulin levels in PDAC patients were lower compared to DM patients. The calculated serum glucagon/ insulin ratio was significantly different between PDAC and DM patients. At a cut-off of 7.4 ng/mU glucagon/insulin, pancreatic cancer induced new-onset DM could be discriminated from type 2 DM with 77% sensitivity and 69% specificity. In conclusion, the suggested serum glucagon/insulin ratio showed significant differences in patients with PDAC related DM and type 2 DM. Therefore, this analysis might help to identify PDAC in patients with new-onset DM in the age group at risk. Larger clinical trials have to confirm these findings.

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“…There are two standard resection procedures, including resection of the pancreatic head and of the left-side pancreatic tissues. In the case of a local advanced tumour, a total pancreatectomy may be chosen for particular patients (Loos et al, 2008a). Pancreatic surgery has significantly improved and the associated postoperative morbidity and mortality have decreased markedly over the last three decades.…”

Section: Etiology and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Pancreatic Disease

Leung

2010

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas characterized by acute and chronic condition as well as varying duration and severity. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe abdominal inflammation, characterized by parenchymal edema, necrosis with occasional presence of pseudocysts, abscess, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration (Chan & Leung, 2007a). Its disease spectrum varies from mild edematous to severe disease with fatal complications. Pancreatic acinar cells are very susceptible to inflammation during an episode of AP attack. It is believed that some initiating factors can lead to the premature transformation of inactive pro-proteases into active proteases within the pancreas. The active proteases degrade a number of cellular proteins such as the structural protein F-actin, thus leading to the collapse and malfunction of acinar and pancreatic damage, a process known as autodigestion of the pancreas (Singh et al., 2001). Etiology and PrognosisSome AP-triggering environmental toxins are known to directly affect pancreatic acinar cells, leading to rupture and necrosis, and eventually an extensive inflammatory response. Epidemiological studies have revealed that the morbidity rate of the disease depends on which regions are examined, ranging from 50 to 800 cases per 1,000,000 people annually. Actually, AP is more prevalent in Caucasian than in Asian populations. The incidence rate is 700-800 and 150-420 per million annually in the USA and UK, respectively (Banks, 2002); however, it is just 106-205 per million annually in Japan (Sekimoto et al., 2006). Similar studies in China and Hong Kong have been inconsistent. In 2007, there were only 1976 patients with AP admitted to hospital from 15 Chinese tertiary care centres during the period from 1990 to (Bai et al., 2007. Despite this discrepancy, there are an increasing number of individuals with AP, probably due to life-style changes and increased exposure to risk factors in recent decades.

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Approaches to localized pancreatic cancer

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Analogs of Vitamin E Epitomized by α-Tocopheryl Succinate for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

Analogs of Vitamin E Epitomized by α-Tocopheryl Succinate for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

Glucagon/insulin ratio as a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer in patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus

Common Pancreatic Disease

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