Approach to malignant pleural effusions: Role of pleural manometry exemplified by case scenarios

Abstract

Issues related to the management of pleural effusion in India are unique. With high incidence of tuberculosis and malignancy, managing patients with pleural effusion may not be the same between patients. Decisions on intercostal chest drain insertion, volume of fluid to be removed during therapeutic thoracentesis, and further diagnostic imaging and investigations are often taken with difficulty in low-resource settings. Pleural manometry can help resolve these issues and help in the management of such patients. Pleural manometry has been advocated as a valuable tool to characterize underlying lung behavior during thoracentesis and has been proposed to be useful in diagnosing unexpandable lung, predicting the success of pleurodesis, and preventing the development of excessively negative pleural pressures which in turn may lead to the development of reexpansion pulmonary edema. There is very little literature on pleural manometry from India and other developing countries. In this article, the utility of pleural manometry in managing patients with malignant pleural effusion is discussed.