Appraising the therapeutical potentials of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth.) Pax &amp; K. Hoffm., an underexplored medicinal herb: A systematic review

Jain, Nem Kumar; Tailang, Mukul; Kumar, Santosh; Chandrasekaran, Balakumar; Alghazwani, Yahia; Chandramoorthy, Harish C.; Kumar, Ashish; Deshpande, Hemali; Wal, Pranay; Chidambaram, Kumarappan

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.958453

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(168 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An effect was noticed in both IBV strains, though such an effect was not observed in the case of treatment with JAK-I inhibitor 420 092, and this is difficult to explain. Overall, our data indicated that inhibition of JAK-II decreases the IBV loads in macrophages, and our observation in this regard agrees with the observations made on other host viral models involving SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) [53,54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway regulates infectious bronchitis virus replication in avian macrophages

Mahmoud,

Farooq,

Isham

et al. 2024

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a significant respiratory pathogen that affects chickens worldwide. As an avian coronavirus, IBV leads to productive infection in chicken macrophages. However, the effects of IBV infection in macrophages on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression are still to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the role of IBV infection on the production of COX-2, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in chicken macrophages. The chicken macrophage cells were infected with two IBV strains, and the cells and culture supernatants were harvested at predetermined time points to measure intracellular and extracellular IBV infection. IBV infection was quantified as has been the COX-2 and PGE2 productions. We found that IBV infection enhances COX-2 production at both mRNA and protein levels in chicken macrophages. When a selective COX-2 antagonist was used to reduce the COX-2 expression in macrophages, we observed that IBV replication decreased. When IBV-infected macrophages were treated with PGE2 receptor (EP2 and EP4) inhibitors, IBV replication was reduced. Upon utilizing a selective COX-2 antagonist to diminish PGE2 expression in macrophages, a discernible decrease in IBV replication was observed. Treatment of IBV-infected macrophages with a PGE2 receptor (EP2) inhibitor resulted in a reduction in IBV replication, whereas the introduction of exogenous PGE2 heightened viral replication. Additionally, pretreatment with a Janus-kinase two antagonist attenuated the inhibitory effect of recombinant chicken interferon (IFN)-γ on viral replication. The evaluation of immune mediators, such as inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), NO, and interleukin (IL)−6, revealed enhanced expression following IBV infection of macrophages. In response to the inhibition of COX-2 and PGE2 receptors, we observed a reduction in the expressions of iNOS and IL-6 in macrophages, correlating with reduced IBV infection. Overall, IBV infection increased COX-2 and PGE2 production in addition to iNOS, NO, and IL-6 expression in chicken macrophages in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of the COX-2/PGE2 pathway may lead to increased macrophage defence mechanisms against IBV infection, resulting in a reduction in viral replication and iNOS and IL-6 expressions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes may shed light on potential antiviral targets for controlling IBV infection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway regulates infectious bronchitis virus replication in avian macrophages

Mahmoud,

Farooq,

Isham

et al. 2024

Journal of General Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 15 These pathways were supported by increased expression of genes that have been associated with SARS‐CoV‐2, such as the inflammatory marker IFI16 , 16 disease progression marker IFI27 , 17 disease prognosticator B2M , 18 activation of Janus Kinases (i.e. JAK1 ), and expression of STAT3 19 (Figure 2g–j). Notably, gene expression for these markers was elevated predominantly in the villous core stromal cell compartment, presumably stemming from the immune subpopulation within the stroma.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Whole transcriptome profiling of placental pathobiology in SARS‐CoV‐2 pregnancies identifies placental dysfunction signatures

Stylianou,

Sebina,

Matigian

et al. 2024

Clin & Trans Imm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus infection in pregnancy is associated with higher incidence of placental dysfunction, referred to by a few studies as a ‘preeclampsia‐like syndrome’. However, the mechanisms underpinning SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced placental malfunction are still unclear. Here, we investigated whether the transcriptional architecture of the placenta is altered in response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodsWe utilised whole‐transcriptome, digital spatial profiling, to examine gene expression patterns in placental tissues from participants who contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 in the third trimester of their pregnancy (n = 7) and those collected prior to the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic (n = 9).ResultsThrough comprehensive spatial transcriptomic analyses of the trophoblast and villous core stromal cell subpopulations in the placenta, we identified SARS‐CoV‐2 to promote signatures associated with hypoxia and placental dysfunction. Notably, genes associated with vasodilation (NOS3), oxidative stress (GDF15, CRH) and preeclampsia (FLT1, EGFR, KISS1, PAPPA2) were enriched with SARS‐CoV‐2. Pathways related to increased nutrient uptake, vascular tension, hypertension and inflammation were also enriched in SARS‐CoV‐2 samples compared to uninfected controls.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the utility of spatially resolved transcriptomic analysis in defining the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 in pregnancy, particularly its role in placental dysfunction. Furthermore, this study highlights the significance of digital spatial profiling in mapping the intricate crosstalk between trophoblasts and villous core stromal cells, thus shedding light on pathways associated with placental dysfunction in pregnancies with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.

show abstract

“…Although many herbal medicines are undoubtedly effective, only a small number have been clinically used for biological functions, particularly AD. Plant-based phytocompounds provide multifunctional biological applications like anti-neurodegenerative and antioxidant properties [9,10]. In AD, oxidative stress is directly related to the development of pathological mechanisms, namely Aβ accumulation, neurological apoptosis, and tau hyperphosphorylation [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of BACE-1 Inhibitors against Alzheimer’s Disease through E-Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies: An Insilco Approach

Chidambaram

2023

Life

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alzheimer is a severe memory and cognitive impairment neurodegenerative disease that is the most common cause of dementia worldwide and characterized by the pathological accumulation of tau protein and amyloid-beta peptides. In this study, we have developed E-pharmacophore modeling to screen the eMolecules database with the help of a reported co-crystal structure bound with Beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE-1). Flumemetamol, florbetaben, and florbetapir are currently approved drugs for use in the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Despite the benefits of commercially approved drugs, there is still a need for novel diagnostic agents with enhanced physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties compared to those currently used in clinical practice and research. In the E-pharmacophore modeling results, it is revealed that two aromatic rings (R19, R20), one donor (D12), and one acceptor (A8) are obtained, and also that similar pharmacophoric features of compounds are identified from pharmacophore-based virtual screening. The identified screened hits were filtered for further analyses using structure-based virtual screening and MM/GBSA. From the analyses, top hits such as ZINC39592220 and en1003sfl.46293 are selected based on their top docking scores (−8.182 and −7.184 Kcal/mol, respectively) and binding free energy (−58.803 and −56.951 Kcal/mol, respectively). Furthermore, a molecular dynamics simulation and MMPBSA study were performed, which revealed admirable stability and good binding free energy throughout the simulation period. Moreover, Qikprop results revealed that the selected, screened hits have good drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties. The screened hits ZINC39592220 and en1003sfl.46293 could be used to develop drug molecules against Alzheimer’s disease.

show abstract

Appraising the therapeutical potentials of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth.) Pax & K. Hoffm., an underexplored medicinal herb: A systematic review

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway regulates infectious bronchitis virus replication in avian macrophages

Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway regulates infectious bronchitis virus replication in avian macrophages

Whole transcriptome profiling of placental pathobiology in SARS‐CoV‐2 pregnancies identifies placental dysfunction signatures

Identification of BACE-1 Inhibitors against Alzheimer’s Disease through E-Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies: An Insilco Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About