Appraisal of social and cultural factors affecting wastewater reuse in the West Bank

Al-Kharouf, Samer; Al‐Khatib, Issam A.; Shaheen, Hafez

doi:10.1504/ijep.2008.018459

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Iran can learn from these communities while educating the public and increasing their perception and acceptance toward the use of reclaimed water for potable reuse. Public perception with respect to water reuse has been studied with increasing interest in Australia since the mid-1990s [24], and with interest expanding globally since the early 2000s (e.g., [25][26][27][28][29][30]). The importance of public perception to the successful establishment of water reuse is projects found to be \crucial importance" [31].…”

Section: Public Perception and Acceptance Barriers Of Potable Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

Water reuse in Iran with an emphasis on potable reuse

Kayhanian

Tchobanoglous

2016

Scientia Iranica

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Abstract. Iran is facing a serious water crisis, which must be addressed if Iran is to move forward in becoming a developed nation. Iran's water shortage problem has been caused by multiple factors including limited surface and groundwater availability. The current water shortage in Iran is an issue that can only be resolved by considering the entire water portfolio. One alternative solution to the water shortage problem in Iran is to adapt an integrated sustainable water management system though e cient utilization of the existing water supplies including the adoption of an e ective water reclamation and water reuse program. Reclaimed water could be used to augment existing water supply sources for both non-potable and potable purposes. This introductory paper is part of a series of articles documenting the use of reclaimed water for potable reuse. Topics covered in this introductory paper include: (1) an introduction to the water situation in Iran, (2) identi cation of the types of potable reuse, (3) presentation of successful potable reuse projects including lessons learned, (4) brief summary of key implementation components of a successful potable reuse program, and (5) special challenges and barriers on implementation of potable reuse in Iran, and (6) the bene ts expected from potable reuse program in Iran. Additional information on technical aspects including operations and monitoring, and more detail information on the implementation of water reuse program will be presented in the future articles.

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Section: Public Perception and Acceptance Barriers Of Potable Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

Water reuse in Iran with an emphasis on potable reuse

Kayhanian

Tchobanoglous

2016

Scientia Iranica

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“…Although this is less expensive than traditional piped systems in some rural Alaskan communities, it is still substantially higher than centralized piped system costs elsewhere in the United States. Furthermore, when an engineered system manages to overcome all of these barriers, social acceptance and desire for reuse water, which can be perceived to be of lower quality even if testing suggests otherwise, can be hard to achieve. ,, There is some evidence that reluctance to accept direct potable reuse system can be overcome in areas that have extreme water scarcity and can thus quickly realize the benefits of extra quantities of water produced by DPR systems …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Household Greywater Treatment and Reuse System Produces High-Quality Water under Simulated Household Illness Test Conditions

Mattos,

Hull,

Linden

et al. 2023

ACS EST Water

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As water scarcity and plumbing challenges continue to affect small and rural communities, direct potable reuse has the potential to improve household access to clean, potable water. A pilot household greywater reuse system was built and operated daily for nine months to determine whether high-quality water that was safe for human contact could be produced consistently on site. Sixty gallons of water were produced per day under normal and stress conditions, including a simulated whole household illness when viruses were spiked into the system to attempt to overwhelm the effectiveness of the treatment. The system produced high-quality potable water for more than 2 weeks, requiring the addition and removal of only 30 gal of outside water weekly for the household to have 420 gal of treated water available each week and meeting recommended virus reduction standards for small and household-level direct potable reuse systems. Wash water had a low level of total organic carbon, low turbidity, and low conductivity, normal pH, and high ultraviolet transmittance. The treatment process train provided >18 log10 reduction of viruses and >8 log10 reduction of bacteria. While the system produced sufficient wash water to protect health, the concentrated wastes produced could pose a threat to the household if proper waste disposal methods are not facilitated.

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“…Finally, water reuse to irrigate recreational parks, golf courses, gardens or pastures tend to have higher acceptance (Po et al 2003;Khan and Gerrard 2005;Abu-Madi et al 2009;Australian Water Recycling Center of Excellence 2014;Wester et al 2015;Sharma et al 2019). Direct exposure, social, religious, economic, health, political, freshwater scarcity and institutional framework can affect the acceptance of reuse projects (Al-Kharouf et al 2008;. These and other key factors that influence perceptions of water reuse could be grouped into the following categories:…”

Section: Understanding Barriers For Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook

2022

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IWMI encourages the use of its material provided that the organization is acknowledged and kept informed in all such instances (see Fair use below).Disclaimer: This publication has been prepared with care. Responsibility for editing, proofreading, and layout, opinions expressed and any possible errors lies with the authors and not the institutions involved. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IWMI or the other institutions involved.

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Appraisal of social and cultural factors affecting wastewater reuse in the West Bank

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Water reuse in Iran with an emphasis on potable reuse

Water reuse in Iran with an emphasis on potable reuse

A Pilot Household Greywater Treatment and Reuse System Produces High-Quality Water under Simulated Household Illness Test Conditions

Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook

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