Appraisal and Assessment of World Water Resources

Shiklomanov, I. A.

doi:10.1080/02508060008686794

Cited by 912 publications

(577 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[30]), water demands with the inclusion of national water withdrawal information on various water users (e.g. [11,31]), economic and technological advancement (e.g. [6,27]) as well as access to water sources (e.g.…”

Section: (B) the Climate Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water availability in +2°C and +4°C worlds

Fung

López

New

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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While the parties to the UNFCCC agreed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Accord that a 2 • C global warming over pre-industrial levels should be avoided, current commitments on greenhouse gas emissions reductions from these same parties will lead to a 50 : 50 chance of warming greater than 3.5 • C. Here, we evaluate the differences in impacts and adaptation issues for water resources in worlds corresponding to the policy objective (+2 • C) and possible reality (+4 • C). We simulate the differences in impacts on surface run-off and water resource availability using a global hydrological model driven by ensembles of climate models with global temperature increases of 2 • C and 4 • C. We combine these with UN-based population growth scenarios to explore the relative importance of population change and climate change for water availability. We find that the projected changes in global surface run-off from the ensemble show an increase in spatial coherence and magnitude for a +4 • C world compared with a +2 • C one. In a +2 • C world, population growth in most large river basins tends to override climate change as a driver of water stress, while in a +4 • C world, climate change becomes more dominant, even compensating for population effects where climate change increases runoff. However, in some basins where climate change has positive effects, the seasonality of surface run-off becomes increasingly amplified in a +4 • C climate.

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Section: (B) the Climate Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water availability in +2°C and +4°C worlds

Fung

López

New

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…Water use and food production are strongly linked because irrigated agriculture is the primary consumer of global freshwater resources, accounting for ~90% of fresh groundwater consumption over the last century (Shiklomanov 2000;Scanlon et al 2007a). India is particularly vulnerable to water and food scarcity because of its large population, ~1.1 billion, with a projected increase of an additional 570 million in the next 50 years; temporal variability in precipitation (~90% of precipitation in July, August, and September from the southwestern monsoon); and highest irrigated area by country globally-57 million hectares (Mha; UN-DESA-PD 2002; Kumar et al 2005;Siebert et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recarga de aguas subterráneas en sistemas de dunas naturales y ecosistemas agrícolas en la región del desierto de Thar, Rajasthan, India

et al. 2010

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“…Livestock production accounts for 29% of the water footprint of human activity , the vast majority (98%) of this is water required to produce feed (Shiklomanov, 2000). Animal products have particularly large water requirement per unit of nutritional energy compared to food of plant origin; the litres of water use to produce a kilocalorie of energy in chicken meat is two times larger than that of pulses, such as beans, peas and lentils, and four times that of grain .…”

Section: Changes In the Consumption Of Livestock Products And It's Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a One Health approach to assess the impact of parasitic disease in livestock: how does it add value?

Rushton

Bruce

2016

Parasitology

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SUMMARYHuman population increases, with greater food demands, have resulted in a rapid evolution of livestock food systems, leading to changes in land and water use. The scale of global livestock systems mean that changes in animal health status, particularly in parasite levels, have impacts that go beyond farm and sector levels. To quantify the true impact of parasites in livestock, frameworks that look at both resources and services valued in markets and those that have no true market value are required. Mitigating the effects of parasitic disease in livestock will not only increase productivity, but also improve animal welfare and human health, whilst reducing the environmental burden of livestock production systems. To measure these potential benefits, a One Health approach is needed. The paper discusses the types of methods and the data collection tools needed for a more holistic perspective and provides a framework with its application to coccidiosis in poultry. To build a body of knowledge that allows the ranking of parasite diseases in a wider animal health setting, such One Health frameworks need to be applied more frequently and with rigour. The outcome will improve the allocation of resources to critical constraints on parasite management.

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Appraisal and Assessment of World Water Resources

Cited by 912 publications

References 3 publications

Water availability in +2°C and +4°C worlds

Water availability in +2°C and +4°C worlds

Recarga de aguas subterráneas en sistemas de dunas naturales y ecosistemas agrícolas en la región del desierto de Thar, Rajasthan, India

Using a One Health approach to assess the impact of parasitic disease in livestock: how does it add value?

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