Applying the contact hypothesis to anti-fat attitudes: Contact with overweight people is related to how we interact with our bodies and those of others

Alperin, Anandi; Hornsey, Matthew J.; Hayward, Lydia E.; Diedrichs, Phillippa C.; Barlow, Fiona Kate

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.051

Cited by 36 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, in line with recent work in this area (Alperin et al, 2014;Barlow et al, 2012a;Graf et al, 2014), when negative contact was controlled for, positive contact became a substantially less stable predictor of reduced prejudice. Instead, negative contact emerged as the more stable predictor of increased prejudice.…”

Section: Negative Metaperceptionssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Racism was extremely prevalent and considered to be one of the most pressing issues during that period (Deutsch & Collins, 1951;Kephart, 1957;see Pettigrew, 1998, for a review). Nevertheless, recent work has established that the premise of the contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954) holds for groups that face stigma on the basis of non-racial or non-ethnic factors, including sexual minorities, individuals with a physical disability, people who are overweight or obese, and people with a mental illness (Alperin, Hornsey, Hayward, Diedrichs, & Barlow, 2014;Pettigrew et al, 2011;Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006;Smith, Axelton, & Saucier, 2009;Turner & West, 2012;West, Holmes, & Hewstone, 2011;West, Hewstone, & Lolliot).…”

Section: Recent Advances In Intergroup Contact Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the narrow focus on positive contact is arbitrary; people do not solely encounter positive cross-group interactions, but they are also exposed to negative cross-group interactions. In fact, research has consistently illustrated that negative contact is unavoidable in multicultural societies, despite the fact that it occurs less frequently than positive contact (e.g., Barlow et al, 2012a;Graf, Paolini, & Rubin, 2014;Pettigrew & Tropp, 2012 (Graf et al, 2014), and among 'normal-weight' Americans who had contact with overweight or obese Americans (Alperin, Hayward, Hornsey, Diedrichs, & Barlow, 2014).…”

Section: Detriments Of Negative Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Psychological Benefits and Costs of Positive and Negative Intergroup Contact

Techakesari¹

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Section: Negative Metaperceptionssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Recent Advances In Intergroup Contact Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detriments Of Negative Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Psychological Benefits and Costs of Positive and Negative Intergroup Contact

Techakesari¹

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“…In contrast, in addition to wanting more muscle mass, the Drive for Muscularity Scale (McCreary & Sasse, 2000) has a focus on enacting behaviors to build muscle (i.e., "I use protein or energy supplements" or "I lift weights to build up more muscle"). Past work has shown that those who are objectively not thin (e.g., overweight or obese) and who may not perform behaviors to reduce their weight have a higher drive for thinness than those who are already thin (Alperin et al, 2014). In the same way, it is possible that men who lack muscle tone and may not desire to perform behaviors aimed at muscle building have still have a drive to be muscular.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data was analyzed from a larger dataset (see Alperin, Hornsey, Hayward, Diedrichs, & Barlow, 2014). Age and BMI were included as control variables, to see if results would hold over and above objective body weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image

Alperin¹

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An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image 2 ABSTRACT This thesis will fill gaps in research exploring gender, weight bias, and body image. It investigates the potential consequences of having a negative body image (such as its association with sexual functioning), and how body image and attraction to different body types differ depending on gender and feminist identification. It also investigates how contact with overweight people 1 is related to weight bias. Traditionally, most body image research has focused on women,given that women typically report worse body image than men, and face substantive societal pressure to look a certain way (Feingold & Mazzella, 1998). However, increasingly research is demonstrating that men also feel appearance-related societal pressure and suffer from marked body image issues (Davison & McCabe, 2005). Consequently, in this thesis both female and male perspectives are involved throughout.In Chapters 1 and 3 I describe the literature that informed my research. Specifically, inChapter 1 I discuss research on body image, including outlining which factors predict having a negative body image, what the consequences of having a poor body image are, and gender differences associated with body image. In Chapter 3, I describe research on anti-fat prejudice, including interventions to reduce negative attitudes towards those who are overweight. In Chapter 2, I investigate how thinking negatively about one's body is associated with sexual problems.Female and male participants (N=519) completed questionnaires examining various aspects of sexual problems, as well as drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Results indicated that for men as well as women, drive for thinness rather than drive for muscularity consistently predicted sexual dysfunction. This study provides the first evidence that drive for thinness can be associated with negative sexual experiences for men as well as women.In Chapter 4 I shift my focus to examine which factors might predict people finding a range of different body types attractive, and conversely, what might predict the extent to which people impose the thin ideal onto others. Heterosexual female and male participants (N=359) rated how attractive they found a variety of male and female figures. Participants also completed a feminist identity questionnaire. Results demonstrated that men who identified as feminists were more likely to report being attracted to a larger female figure, while feminist identification was unrelated to what size figure women found attractive. In line with past research, women rated the "most attractive" female figure as being thinner than that preferred by men. This study demonstrates that male feminism may have an indirect positive effect on women by relaxing men's standards for female beauty.1 In the interest of brevity, the word 'overweight' is used to encompass both overweight and obese people An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image 3In Chapter 5 I...

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The appraisal gap: Why victim and transgressor groups disagree on the need for a collective apology

Hornsey

Okimoto

Wenzel

2017

Euro J Social Psych

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After an intergroup transgression, victims often advocate for a collective apology that the transgressor group is reluctant to provide. We argue that this is partly caused by a discrepancy in the extent to which victim and perpetrator group members appraise transgressions through an intergroup lens. In three experiments, participants read about individuals assaulting members of a racial out‐group. Consistent with predictions, victim group members were more likely than transgressors and third parties to see the events as typical of the transgressor group, more likely to appraise the events as intergroup in nature, and through these processes were more desiring of a collective apology. Transgressors' reluctance to issue a collective apology was not a sign of harm minimization. Indeed, they were more likely than victims to seek an interpersonal apology and less forgiving of the individual transgressors. Cognitive and motivational mechanisms were proposed, although evidence for the latter was limited.

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Applying the contact hypothesis to anti-fat attitudes: Contact with overweight people is related to how we interact with our bodies and those of others

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

The Psychological Benefits and Costs of Positive and Negative Intergroup Contact

The Psychological Benefits and Costs of Positive and Negative Intergroup Contact

An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image

The appraisal gap: Why victim and transgressor groups disagree on the need for a collective apology

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