Applying SWAT for TMDL programs to a small watershed containing rice paddy fields

Because hydrologic responses of an agricultural watershed are influenced by many natural and man-made factors including pond/reservoir, management practices, and/or irrigation/drainage, strategies of hydrological modeling for the watershed must be case-dependent and thus carefully designed to effectively reflect their roles as critical hydrologic components in simulation processes. In this study, we propose a component-based modeling framework that accommodates a flexible modeling approach to consider a variety of hydrologic processes and management practices, especially irrigation-reservoir operation and paddy-farming practices, in watershed-scale modeling. The objectives of this study are twofold: to develop a COmponent-based Modeling Framework for Agricultural water-Resources Management (COMFARM) using an object-oriented programming technique, and to evaluate its applicability as a modeling tool to predict the responses of an agricultural watershed characterized with diverse land uses in a case study. COMFARM facilitates quick and easy development of watershed-specific hydrologic models by providing multiple interchangeable simulation routines for each hydrologic component considered. COMFARM is developed with the JAVA programming language, using Eclipse software. The framework developed in this study is applied to simulating hydrologic processes of the Seon-Am irrigation-district watershed consisting primarily of reservoir-irrigated rice paddies in South Korea. The application study clearly demonstrates the applicability of the framework as a convenient method to build models for hydrologic simulation of an agricultural watershed. The newly developed modeling framework, COMFARM is expected to serve as a useful tool in watershed management planning by allowing quick development of case-oriented analysis tools and evaluation of management scenarios customized to a specific watershed.

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“…In [35], the authors developed and applied rice-paddy components to the SWAT model to simulate the water balance in irrigated paddy fields.…”

Section: Water Balance In Paddy Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The daily evapotranspiration from paddy fields is determined with the Penman-Monteith method [38,39]. Additional details related to water balance in paddy fields can be found in [35].…”

Section: Water Balance In Paddy Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Component-Based Modeling Framework for Agricultural Water-Resource Management

Kang

Srivastava

Song

et al. 2016

Water

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“…Based on these results, we set up typical scenarios to evaluate the reduction effects of NPS pollution control measures. The scenario analysis both assesses the influence of various management strategies on water quality [78] and enables the selection of the best management practices for the implementation of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) [79]. According to the results of the regional division and the characteristics of pollution sources in the different regions discussed above, in this study, measures for controlling NPS-N and NPS-P are divided into three parts, namely the management of livestock and the rural population, farmland and fertilizer losses and soil erosion.…”

Section: Measures For Nps Pollution Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Point Source Nitrogen and Phosphorus Assessment and Management Plan with an Improved Method in Data-Poor Regions

Chen

Liu

Peng

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:To enhance the quantitative simulation and integrated assessment of non-point source (NPS) pollution in plateau lakes in data-poor regions, a simple and practical NPS assessment method is developed by combining the improved export coefficient model (ECM) and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). This method is evaluated via application to the Chenghai Lake watershed (Yunnan Province, China), which contains a typical plateau lake. The estimated results reflect the actual situation within the watershed. The total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads in the study area in 2014 were 360.35 t/a (44.30% dissolved nitrogen (DN) and 55.70% adsorbed nitrogen (AN)) and 86.15 t/a (71.40% adsorbed phosphorus (AP)), respectively. The southern and eastern portions of the watershed are key regions for controlling dissolved and adsorbed pollutants, respectively. Soil erosion and livestock are the main TN and TP pollution sources in the study area and should be controlled first. Additionally, reasonable and practical suggestions are proposed to minimize water pollution according to a scenario analysis. The method in this study provides a foundation for scientific theories that can be used in water resources protection planning and the method can be applied to the NPS assessment of similar regions with scarce data.

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“…The TMDL has been widely accepted and applied in the U.S. [4]. It has also been applied in other countries; for example, Kang et al [5] considered the TMDL in a small watershed in Korea, Boyacioglu and Alpaslan [3] demonstrated a TMDL program in the Tahtali Basin, Turkey, and Wang et al [6] established TMDLs for Taihu Lake, China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Exceedance Probability to Determine Total Maximum Daily Loads for Reservoir Water Quality Management

Chen

Tsai

Fan

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:Total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) are used to protect water bodies based on their assimilative ability and are transferred as a maximum allowable load, which is the sum of all pollution emissions in a watershed that cannot be exceeded. This allowable load is calculated from a target water quality concentration and a flow state. The target water quality concentration is typically consistent with water quality standards; however, it is difficult to determine which flow state to use, especially for lakes and reservoirs. In this study, an exceedance probability method is established for determining the TMDL for reservoirs. The SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) was used to understand the pollution loads from the watershed, and the Vollenweider model was used to simulate the total phosphorous (TP) concentrations in the reservoir. Using the validated Vollenweider model, the relationship between pollution loads and the target TP concentration is illustrated. This relationship is associated with real changes in the reservoir water volume and is presented as the exceedance probability. In the study area (i.e., the Shiman Reservoir in Taiwan), an exceedance probability of 50% is suggested, and the allowable TP load is 22,209 kg/year when considering a target TP concentration of 20 µg/L. When considering effective management, the pollution sources in three hot spots are priorities, and controlling their point and nonpoint pollution sources can decrease TP from 25 to 22 µg/L.

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Applying SWAT for TMDL programs to a small watershed containing rice paddy fields

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

Development of a Component-Based Modeling Framework for Agricultural Water-Resource Management

Development of a Component-Based Modeling Framework for Agricultural Water-Resource Management

Non-Point Source Nitrogen and Phosphorus Assessment and Management Plan with an Improved Method in Data-Poor Regions

Using Exceedance Probability to Determine Total Maximum Daily Loads for Reservoir Water Quality Management

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