Applying self-injection and dual-ring based fiber laser for wide tunability and stable single-frequency output

L-Band Wavelength-Selectable Erbium Laser with Stable Single-Frequency Oscillation

“…In recent years, stabilized single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) lasers have been investigated and studied for more common applications, such as optical sensors, optical communications, RF-photonics, bio-photonics, time and frequency transfer, and high-resolution spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5]. This is because EDF-based lasers have output deeds of high optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), anti-electromagnetic interference, narrow linewidth and high stability [6,7]. Furthermore, due to the growth and requirements of cloud networks, data centers, big data and 5G/6G transmission systems, the traditional C-band bandwidth is not enough to satisfy subscribers.…”

A single-mode erbium laser with switchable single- and dual-wavelength operation

“…Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) based lasers have the output characteristics of a narrow linewidth, long coherence length, single-longitudinal-mode (SLM), and wide tunability. Furthermore, the EDF lasers can also be applied to the several applications of optical wired-wireless communication, wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmission, laser radar, optical sensor and bio-photonic [1][2][3][4][5][6]. To generate the single-wavelength and dualwavelength output in the EDF based lasers, deployments of multi-mode fiber-based filter, fiber Bragg grating (FBG), tapered-EDF based Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), tunable bandpass filter (TBF), and two sections of high birefringent fibers have been applied inside the fiber cavity [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”