Applying design science approach to architectural design development

Aburamadan, Rania; Trillo, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.foar.2019.07.008

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Through random and inevitable practices and organization, refugees restructure their built environments in momentous ways. This contrasts with the concept of a functional grid portraited by the current handbooks for the design of refugees' camps, as questioned by the authors in previous studies (Aburamadan and Trillo 2018;Aburamadan 2017;Aburamadan and Trillo 2020).…”

Section: Is This Camp My Home Town? the Al Za'atari Citizens' Perspecmentioning

confidence: 79%

Designing refugees’ camps: temporary emergency solutions, or contemporary paradigms of incomplete urban citizenship? Insights from Al Za’atari

2020

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Millions of people have been forcibly displaced around the world at an alarming rate. In 2018, approximately 70.8 million people (UNHCR 2018) were living in refugee camps. These camps are the most immediate response to the emergency. However, they have become more than a simple temporary solution, with refugees spending significantly longer than they should. Motivated largely by an economic rationale, the camps are often produced rapidly, cheaply and effectively to accommodate the largest possible number of shelters in the shortest time. The aim of this paper is to explore whether the concept of permanence should be embedded in the spatial configuration of a refugees’ camp, or whether the concept of transient and temporary community would better reflect the aspirations of the users. The Al Za’atari camp has been selected as a case study to explore the nexus between spatial configuration and social aspirations of the refugees’ community. Indeed, the findings revealed that the spatial configuration of the Al Za’atari camp reflects social fabric, habits and organization of the refugees’ community. This has occurred to the point that the camp has taken on the appearance of a sort of informal city. This study therefore suggests recommendations to support the design of spatial and architectural solutions that better meet the actual needs of the final users largely disregarded in the current emergency approach.

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Section: Is This Camp My Home Town? the Al Za'atari Citizens' Perspecmentioning

confidence: 79%

Designing refugees’ camps: temporary emergency solutions, or contemporary paradigms of incomplete urban citizenship? Insights from Al Za’atari

2020

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“…As organizations explore new methodologies for consulting girls and women in humanitarian settings, such approaches should be adapted to the sociocultural context in which they are operating. Many organizations and researchers are beginning to move beyond traditional one-time focus group discussions or short interviews, and are exploring strategies which include multiple discussions, are more participatory and/or have opportunities for re nements before determining a path forward [37,38,41,48]. Such iterative approaches, although requiring more time and capacity, may result in the development of more responsive solutions to the needs of girls and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Strategies For Providing Menstruation-Supportive Water, Sanitation And Hygiene (Wash) Facilities: Learning From Refugee Camps In Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Schmitt

Wood

Clatworthy³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is growing attention to addressing the menstrual hygiene management (MHM) needs of the over 21 million displaced adolescent girls and women globally. Current approaches to MHM-related humanitarian programming often prioritize the provision of menstrual materials and information. However, a critical component of an MHM response includes the construction and maintenance of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities, including more female-friendly toilets. This enables spaces for menstruating girls and women to change, dispose, wash and dry menstrual materials; all of which are integral tasks required for MHM. A global assessment identified a number of innovations focused on designing and implementing menstruation-supportive WASH facilities in the refugee camps located in Cox’s Bazar (CXB), Bangladesh. These pilot efforts strove to include the use of more participatory methodologies in the process of developing the new MHM-supportive WASH approaches.Methods: A qualitative assessment was conducted in the Rohingya refugee camps in CXB in September of 2019 to capture new approaches and practical insights on innovating for menstrual disposal, waste management and laundering. This included Key Informant Interviews with 19 humanitarian response staff from the WASH and Protection sectors of a range of non-governmental organizations and UN agencies; Focus Group Discussions with 47 Rohingya adolescent girls and women; and direct observations of 8 WASH facilities (toilets, bathing, and laundering spaces).Results: Key findings included one, the identification of new female-driven consultation methods aimed at improving female beneficiary involvement and buy-in during the design and construction phases; two, the design of new multi-purpose WASH facilities to increase female beneficiary usage; three, new menstrual waste disposal innovations being piloted in communal and institutional settings, with female users indicating at least initial acceptability; and four, novel strategies for engaging male beneficiaries in the design of female WASH facilities, including promoting dialogue to generate buy-in regarding the importance of these facilities and debate about their placement.Conclusions: Although the identified innovative participatory methodologies and design approaches are promising, the long term viability of the facilities, including plans to expand them, may be dependent on the continued engagement of girls and women, and the availability of resources.

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“…Another critical point future research should investigate is the difference in personal relevance of each scale: the degree to which privacy may be more relevant to ease of use, and cleanliness more relevant to that first variable, needs understanding. Ecological validity of the results may be incremented using virtual reality technology or real stimuli to elicit reactions and take a more valid assessment [77] and also overcome the bias from the non-random sampling when testing may be a future issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Public Bathroom Perception Scale

Corradi

García-Garzón

Barrada

2020

IJERPH

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Public bathrooms are sensible locations in which individuals confront an intimate environment outside the comfort of their own home. The assessment of public bathrooms is especially problematic for people whose illnesses make them more prone to needing this service. Unfortunately, there is a lack in the evaluation of the elements that are relevant to the user’s perspective. For that reason, we propose a new scale to assess these elements of evaluation of public bathrooms. We developed a scale of 14 items and three domains: privacy, ease of use and cleanliness. We tested the factor validity of this three-factor solution (n = 654) on a sample of healthy individuals and 155 respondents with a bowel illness or other affection that reported to be bathroom-dependent. We found that bathroom-dependent people value more privacy and cleanliness more than their healthy counterparts. We additionally found a gender effect on the scale: female participants scored higher in every domain. This study provides the first scale to assess value concerning public bathrooms and to highlight the relevance of different bathrooms’ aspects to users.

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Applying design science approach to architectural design development

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Designing refugees’ camps: temporary emergency solutions, or contemporary paradigms of incomplete urban citizenship? Insights from Al Za’atari

Designing refugees’ camps: temporary emergency solutions, or contemporary paradigms of incomplete urban citizenship? Insights from Al Za’atari

Innovative Strategies For Providing Menstruation-Supportive Water, Sanitation And Hygiene (Wash) Facilities: Learning From Refugee Camps In Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

The Development of a Public Bathroom Perception Scale

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