Applying Automatic Translation for Optical Music Recognition’s Encoding Step

Abstract

Optical music recognition is a research field whose efforts have been mainly focused, due to the difficulties involved in its processes, on document and image recognition. However, there is a final step after the recognition phase that has not been properly addressed or discussed, and which is relevant to obtaining a standard digital score from the recognition process: the step of encoding data into a standard file format. In this paper, we address this task by proposing and evaluating the feasibility of using machine translation techniques, using statistical approaches and neural systems, to automatically convert the results of graphical encoding recognition into a standard semantic format, which can be exported as a digital score. We also discuss the implications, challenges and details to be taken into account when applying machine translation techniques to music languages, which are very different from natural human languages. This needs to be addressed prior to performing experiments and has not been reported in previous works. We also describe and detail experimental results, and conclude that applying machine translation techniques is a suitable solution for this task, as they have proven to obtain robust results.

Decoupling music notation to improve end-to-end Optical Music Recognition

“…3 c shows an excerpt of this set. • FMT corpus [19] : a collection of four groups of handwritten score sheets of popular Spanish songs in modern notation taken from the "Fondo de Música Tradicional IMF-CSIC" [20] . See Fig.…”

Classification of Arabic Alphabets Using a Combination of a Convolutional Neural Network and the Morphological Gradient Method

“…Static recognition, also known as "offline," which operates on a snapshot of digital ink (on an image), and dynamic "online" recognition, where the symbols are identified as they are written by hand, are two separate domains that are taken into consideration 1 . Text transcription automation applied to inherited documents is among the application areas of OCR, taking into consideration the irregular and complex nature of writing 2 . The researches that take the classification of Arabic manuscripts are insufficient compared to the studies which deal with the other languages 3 .…”