Applied sustainability in industry: The BASF eco-eEfficiency toolbox

Grosse-Sommer, Anahi; Grünenwald, Thomas; Paczkowski, Nicola S.; Gelder, Richard N.M.R. van; Saling, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120792

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Further impact categories within life cycle assessments (LCA) according to DIN EN ISO 14040/44 are to be considered. Based on EEA classifications 6 and 10 for the chemical industry and agricultural products according to Grosse-Sommer et al, this also includes resource depletion, acidification, consumptive water use, eutrophication, human toxicity potential, photochemical ozone formation, ozone depletion, and land use [121]. Furthermore, the impact categories biodiversity loss and ecosystem services should also be considered [122].…”

Section: Economic Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective for Climate Change Mitigation—Introducing Carbon-Negative Hydrogen Production from Biomass with Carbon Capture and Storage (HyBECCS)

et al. 2021

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The greatest lever for advancing climate adaptation and mitigation is the defossilization of energy systems. A key opportunity to replace fossil fuels across sectors is the use of renewable hydrogen. In this context, the main political and social push is currently on climate neutral hydrogen (H2) production through electrolysis using renewable electricity. Another climate neutral possibility that has recently gained importance is biohydrogen production from biogenic residual and waste materials. This paper introduces for the first time a novel concept for the production of hydrogen with net negative emissions. The derived concept combines biohydrogen production using biotechnological or thermochemical processes with carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage. Various process combinations referred to this basic approach are defined as HyBECCS (Hydrogen Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage) and described in this paper. The technical principles and resulting advantages of the novel concept are systematically derived and compared with other Negative Emission Technologies (NET). These include the high concentration and purity of the CO2 to be captured compared to Direct Air Carbon Capture (DAC) and Post-combustion Carbon Capture (PCC) as well as the emission-free use of hydrogen resulting in a higher possible CO2 capture rate compared to hydrocarbon-based biofuels generated with Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) technologies. Further, the role of carbon-negative hydrogen in future energy systems is analyzed, taking into account key societal and technological drivers against the background of climate adaptation and mitigation. For this purpose, taking the example of the Federal Republic of Germany, the ecological impacts are estimated, and an economic assessment is made. For the production and use of carbon-negative hydrogen, a saving potential of 8.49–17.06 MtCO2,eq/a is estimated for the year 2030 in Germany. The production costs for carbon-negative hydrogen would have to be below 4.30 € per kg in a worst-case scenario and below 10.44 € in a best-case scenario in order to be competitive in Germany, taking into account hydrogen market forecasts.

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Section: Economic Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective for Climate Change Mitigation—Introducing Carbon-Negative Hydrogen Production from Biomass with Carbon Capture and Storage (HyBECCS)

et al. 2021

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“…The fundamental feature of eco-efficiency is to create more products with fewer resources and less waste and pollution [118]. It is closely related to the circular economy and sustainable development [40,109,[119][120][121][122][123][124][125]. Finding and understanding ways to incorporate and implement eco-efficiency in technospheric mining is necessary.…”

Section: Eco-efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Technospheric Mining of Mine Wastes: A Review of Applications and Challenges

Lim

Alorro

2021

Sustainable Chemistry

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The concept of mining or extracting valuable metals and minerals from technospheric stocks is referred to as technospheric mining. As potential secondary sources of valuable materials, mining these technospheric stocks can offer solutions to minimise the waste for final disposal and augment metals’ or minerals’ supply, and to abate environmental legacies brought by minerals’ extraction. Indeed, waste streams produced by the mining and mineral processing industry can cause long-term negative environmental legacies if not managed properly. There are thus strong incentives/drivers for the mining industry to recover and repurpose mine and mineral wastes since they contain valuable metals and materials that can generate different applications and new products. In this paper, technospheric mining of mine wastes and its application are reviewed, and the challenges that technospheric mining is facing as a newly suggested concept are presented. Unification of standards and policies on mine wastes and tailings as part of governance, along with the importance of research and development, data management, and effective communication between the industry and academia, are identified as necessary to progress technospheric mining to the next level. This review attempts to link technospheric mining to the promotion of environmental sustainability practices in the mining industry by incorporating green technology, sustainable chemistry, and eco-efficiency. We argue that developing environmentally friendly processes and green technology can ensure positive legacies from the mining industry. By presenting specific examples of the mine wastes, we show how the valuable metals or minerals they contain can be recovered using various metallurgical and mineral processing techniques to close the loop on waste in favour of a circular economy.

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“…The method was validated by TUV/NSF International and applied in various fields such as agriculture, chemical industry, food, energy, and fuels. 1 (ii) Siemens Eco-care matrix (ECM): ECM analyzes the ecoefficiency of new products and compares them with the best available technologies. In this method, human toxicity, eco-toxicity, ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, land use, and resource consumption were used as indicators.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially it was employed in in-house strategy decisions and later on was recognized by various stakeholders. The method was validated by TUV/NSF International and applied in various fields such as agriculture, chemical industry, food, energy, and fuels Siemens Eco-care matrix (ECM): ECM analyzes the eco-efficiency of new products and compares them with the best available technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of GSK’s Model in Leather Making: Quantification of the Environmental Efficiency of a Green Solvent Based Deliming Process

Sathish

Thaikaivelan

Rao

2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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GlaxoSmithKline's solvents ranking model (GSK's SRM) was successfully applied to quantify the environmental efficiency of the cyclic carbonate based alkali neutralization process in leather making. Currently, cyclic carbonates have found interest within the green chemistry fraternity because of their availability, low toxicity, and biodegradability. An attempt has been made for the first time to use propylene carbonate (PC), as an alkali neutralizing agent (deliming agent) in leather making that completely avoided the generation of toxic ammonia gas. It is optimized that 1.5 and 2.5% w/w of PC is required to completely neutralize the alkali (calcium hydroxide) present in the goatskin and cow hide, respectively. Furthermore, the neutralization process obeys pseudo second order kinetics (R 2 : 0.999, k 2 : 3.72 x10 −3 g/ mg•min, h: 1.97 g/mg•min) and the rate of neutralization is faster than conventional ammonium salt based process (R 2 , 0.996; k 2 , 1.25 × 10 −3 g/mg•min; h, 0.79 g/mg•min). We demonstrate that the in situ formation calcium carbonate improves the dimensional stability and other organoleptic properties without affecting the chromium/dye diffusion. Besides this, the developed process enjoys 76.3, 92, and 96% reduction in total dissolved solids (TDS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and chloride content in wastewater, respectively. The environmental efficiency index (EEI) value of PC-based neutralization (EEI: 27.44) is 1.5 times higher than that for the conventional ammonium salt based system (EEI: 17.93). The study sheds light on the use of semiquantitative EEI in several industrial applications including leather for moving toward environmental sustainability packed with green chemistry principles.

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Applied sustainability in industry: The BASF eco-eEfficiency toolbox

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

A New Perspective for Climate Change Mitigation—Introducing Carbon-Negative Hydrogen Production from Biomass with Carbon Capture and Storage (HyBECCS)

A New Perspective for Climate Change Mitigation—Introducing Carbon-Negative Hydrogen Production from Biomass with Carbon Capture and Storage (HyBECCS)

Technospheric Mining of Mine Wastes: A Review of Applications and Challenges

Application of GSK’s Model in Leather Making: Quantification of the Environmental Efficiency of a Green Solvent Based Deliming Process

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