Applied Strategy to Characterize the Energy Improvement Using PATs in a Water Supply System

Self Cite

Water is one of the most valuable resources for humans. Worldwide, leakage levels in water distribution systems oscillate between 10% and 55%. This causes the need for constant repairs, economic losses, and risk to the health of users due to possible pathogenic intrusion. There are different methods for estimating the level of leakage in a network, depending on parameters such as service pressure, orifice size, age and pipe material. Sixty-two water distribution networks were analyzed to determine the leakage method used, the calibration method, and the percentage of existing leaks. Different efficiency indicators were proposed and evaluated using this database. Several cases of installation of pumps working as turbines (PATs) in water distribution networks were analyzed in which the use of these recovery systems caused a pressure drop, reducing the level of leaks and recovering energy.

Section: Leakages Modelling and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [106] showed a table with the advantages and disadvantages of installing PATs in the distribution system compared to other methods that reduce pressure and leakage. Ref.…”

Section: Pump Working As Turbine Using Leakages Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Management and Pipe System Efficiency. Its Influence in the Improvement of the Efficiency Indexes

Ávila

Sánchez-Romero

Jiménez

et al. 2021

Self Cite

“…There are studies carried out on the optimization of pressurized water distribution networks that show that by making modifications to the elements that compose it, the efficiency of the network can be increased, more energy can be recovered, and the cost associated with the distribution of water can be reduced. In economic terms, to optimize a network, it is possible to reduce the project cost or reduce the payback time of the infrastructure investment [35,36].…”

Section: Optimization To Improve the Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Objectives, Keys and Results in the Water Networks to Reach the Sustainable Development Goals

Garcia

Jiménez

Sánchez-Romero

et al. 2021

Self Cite

The world is continuously searching for ways to improve how water is used for energy. As the population increases, so do the needs for natural resources and, in turn, the needs for energy. This research sought to show how the world has tried to achieve more sustainable forms of pressurized water distribution and to show the results that have been obtained. In this sense, technologies have been used for the production of clean energy, energy recovery instead of dissipation, reprogramming of pumping stations and hybrid systems. In many cases, much lower water and energy requirements are achieved and, in turn, greenhouse gas emissions related to water use are reduced. Sixty-one different water systems were analyzed considering different energy, economic and environmental indicators. The different operation range of these indicators were defined according to sustainable indicators.

“…It gained popularity and interest within the setting of the United Nations Sustainability Goals in 2015. Among others, the results of sustainable development in water systems are related to the improvement and the use of new technologies to maximize efficiency in water management [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pressure-reducing valves (PRVs) to apply pressure management strategies remain one of the most common solutions to reduce leakage. The use of PRVs in pressurized water distribution systems increases the water usage efficiency but decreases the energy consumption efficiency since the valves dissipate energy that could be recovered [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Optimization of Energy Recovery Device Sizes and Locations in Municipal Water Distribution Systems during Extended-Period Simulation

Bonthuys

Dijk

Cavazzini

2020

Excess pressure within water distribution systems not only increases the risk for water losses through leakages but provides the potential for harnessing excess energy through the installation of energy recovery devices, such as turbines or pump-as-turbines. The effect of pressure management on leakage reduction in a system has been well documented, and the potential for pressure management through energy recovery devices has seen a growth in popularity over the past decade. Over the past 2 years, the effect of energy recovery on leakage reduction has started to enter the conversation. With the theoretical potential known, researchers have started to focus on the location of energy recovery devices within water supply and distribution systems and the optimization thereof in terms of specific installation objectives. Due to the instrumental role that both the operating pressure and flow rate plays on both leakage and potential energy, daily variation and fluctuations of these parameters have great influence on the potential energy recovery and subsequent leakage reduction within a water distribution system. This paper presents an enhanced optimization procedure, which incorporates user-defined weighted importance of specific objectives and extended-period simulations into a genetic algorithm, to identify the optimum size and location of potential installations for energy recovery and leakage reduction. The proposed procedure proved to be effective in identifying more cost-effective and realistic solutions when compared to the procedure proposed in the literature.