Applied mutagenesis could improve economically important traits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Isolation of yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV)‐resistant mutants of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) through applied mutagenesis

“…The change in plant morphology among the mutants was observed in M 3 generation since mutations are recessive in nature and recombination frequently creates homozygous recessive alleles within a heterozygous individual even when the allele is rare within the population (Otto & Hastings, 1998). It was reported earlier that useful variants can be recognized in the M 2 or M 3 generation (Dutta et al, 2021; Hallajian, 2016; Roychowdhury & Tah, 2013; Sikder et al, 2013). Selection between the families was followed instead of individual plant selection in M 4 and M 5 generations following which two families (350//10///3‐9////28 and 450//66///2‐4////39) were isolated, which were evaluated and characterized along with the parental genotype, Pusa Sawani in M 6 generation.…”

“…It was reported T A B L E 4 Response of genotypes Pusa Sawani, 450//66///2-4////39 and 350//10///3-9////28 against YVMV at periodic interval. earlier that useful variants can be recognized in the M 2 or M 3 generation (Dutta et al, 2021;Hallajian, 2016;Roychowdhury & Tah, 2013;Sikder et al, 2013). Selection between the families was followed instead of individual plant selection in M 4 and M 5 generations following which two families (350//10///3-9////28 and 450//66/// 2-4////39) were isolated, which were evaluated and characterized along with the parental genotype, Pusa Sawani in M 6 generation.…”

“…Mutations being generally recessive in nature (Zhu & Qian, 2020), no obvious morphological mutations in M 1 generation could be isolated (Hallajian, 2016) as a result of which no selection was exercised in M 1 generation. Potential variability abounds in mutant progenies, and it gets released gradually; M 2 generation is expected to be the most variable population, and all the variants were expected to express themselves (Dutta et al, 2021). The Gangetic plains of West Bengal is considered as a hotspot area for YVMV disease screening in India (Jamir et al, 2020); hence, the M 2 and the subsequent generations were screened under natural virus inoculum load keeping infector rows of Pusa Sawani.…”

Construction of a density mutant collection in bitter gourd via new germplasms innovation and gene functional study

“…EMS concentrations differ from one crop to another, and a suitable mutagen concentration can be used to achieve the desired effect. Generally, the optimal lethality among the M 1 generation is approximately 50% ( Arisha et al., 2015 ; Lian et al., 2020 ; Dutta et al., 2021 ). However, the optimal and specific protocol of EMS treatment conditions has not been determined because of limited studies on EMS treatment experiments in bitter gourd.…”

“…There are few studies on the creation of bitter gourd mutants. Some mutants related to vine length, fertility, and nutrient contents were generated by gamma rays (Co 60 source) on a small scale ( Dutta et al., 2021 ); however, they did not significantly improve functional genomic research and breeding. Therefore, this study focused on establishing an optimal EMS technique and guidance for other scientists in bitter gourd research.…”