Applied Ice Engineering for Exploring Arctic Natural Resources

Bashaw, E.; Drage, Jeremiah; Lewis, Stephen K.; Billings, Cary Josh

doi:10.1061/9780784412978.032

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Some studies have identified generic ice-thickness thresholds for safe travel over ice (Gold, 1971;Squire et al, 1996;USACE, 2002), but did not identify specific threshold values for safe use in different sea ice regimes or local ice conditions. Also, while broader categories of parameters relevant to ice use have been identified (Potter et al, 1981;Bashaw et al, 2013), it is unclear which specific parameters and processes need to be tracked, and over what spatiotemporal scales, to provide ice users with reliable information on ice stability. Relying strictly on qualitative information may be appropriate for individual Indigenous user groups, who can draw upon a vast body of traditional environmental or Indigenous knowledge and associated responses to hazards and opportunities.…”

Section: Sea Ice Use and Recent Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow) is an important location for ice-based marine mammal hunting where community members construct seasonal trails on the landfast sea ice (Druckenmiller et al, 2013). The Prudhoe Bay region is important to the oil and gas industry, and as in other regions of strategic importance, the landfast sea ice around Prudhoe Bay is important for economical transport of equipment across ice roads (Potter et al, 1981;Sooäär and Jaagus, 2007;Bashaw et al, 2013). An example of an ice road leading to an offshore drilling operation is illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Motivation For Case Studies On Landfast Sea Icementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Displacements may lead to cracks that penetrate all the way to the ice/water interface and reduce load-bearing capacity; therefore, it is recognized that ice roads should try to avoid areas of ice movement and rely on routes across stable ice (Potter et al, 1981;Bashaw et al, 2013) with reduced fracture potential. A key stakeholder need identified for the Northstar site is the need for continuous and extensive use of the ice road (Fig.…”

Section: Applying Path To An Industry Ice Road Near Prudhoe Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Sea Ice Trafficability in a Changing Arctic

Dammann¹,

Eicken²,

Mahoney³

et al. 2018

ARCTIC

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Arctic sea ice has undergone rapid changes during the last few decades, with negative implications for over-ice travel and on-ice operations, which benefit from services provided by the sea ice. A Parameter-based Trafficability Hierarchy (PATH) is presented here as a framework for developing quantitative assessment strategies that can guide planning and execution of operations on or near sea ice and quantify the impacts of recent changes on ice use. A PATH assessment has been completed for three case studies in Arctic Alaska. These cases, which correspond to a range of different icescapes and ice uses, identify and quantify different parameters linked to trafficability and safe operations. For ice road applications, PATH was used to determine an ice thickness compensation factor, a factor increasing the minimal thickness threshold for operations, to help translate sporadic auger ice thickness measurements along the Kotzebue–Kiana community ice road into an envelope for safe operations. A compensation factor as high as 1.5 was found to be necessary to ensure safety because of the high local thickness variability that is currently a concern for ice road operators. A PATH assessment of ice roughness for ice trail routing at Utqiaġvik draws on satellite remote sensing and is relevant for over-ice travel in general, including escape, evacuation, and rescue. We compared the routing of local snowmobile trails with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data products to identify specific ranges of ice conditions, roughness, and topography favored for ice trail construction. The same combination of data sources was used to identify potentially beneficial trail routes. Finally, an ice stability and safety assessment was completed for ice road construction and maintenance by industry near the Northstar Island oil production facility. We evaluated small-scale ice displacement data obtained from SAR interferometry to infer internal ice strain and stress and used these data in assessing the potential for fractures to reduce load-bearing capacity.

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Section: Sea Ice Use and Recent Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motivation For Case Studies On Landfast Sea Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applying Path To An Industry Ice Road Near Prudhoe Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Sea Ice Trafficability in a Changing Arctic

Dammann¹,

Eicken²,

Mahoney³

et al. 2018

ARCTIC

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Traversing Sea Ice—Linking Surface Roughness and Ice Trafficability Through SAR Polarimetry and Interferometry

Dammann

Eicken

Mahoney

et al. 2018

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Using of Ice for Constructing Islands in the Arctic Conditions

Karelov

Shkhinek

Belyaev

2015

AMM

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Artificial, grounded ice islands built by controlled flooding of the sea ice surface with sea water have been used for exploratory drilling in the Arctic offshore. Islands fabricated from ice are becoming more prevalent as offshore oil speculation in the Arctic gains more interest. Ice has been a strategic building material in the Arctic for the construction of roads, airstrips, housing, and, in the last few decades, as temporary drilling platforms to explore for oil. This article describes various methods of artificial ice building, the advantages and disadvantages of using man-made ice islands for exploratory drilling.

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Applied Ice Engineering for Exploring Arctic Natural Resources

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Assessing Sea Ice Trafficability in a Changing Arctic

Assessing Sea Ice Trafficability in a Changing Arctic

Traversing Sea Ice—Linking Surface Roughness and Ice Trafficability Through SAR Polarimetry and Interferometry

Using of Ice for Constructing Islands in the Arctic Conditions

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