Applied ecologists in a landscape of fear

Pettorelli, Nathalie; Barlow, Jos; Cadotte, Marc W.; Lucas, Kirsty; Newton, Erika; Núñez, Martín A.; Stephens, Philip A.

doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13382

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Scientific data and research often have spatial, temporal and taxonomic biases (Boakes et al., 2010; Nuñez et al., 2019). Shifting governmental policies, funding priorities and national political situations can influence the degree and focus of conservation research and seek to impact the focus on different drivers of ecological change (Pettorelli et al., 2019). The values of scientists can also influence what and where they study and their chosen methods (Roebuck & Phifer, 1999).…”

Section: The Needs and Benefits Of Research Partnerships Between Indimentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing decision‐making with Indigenous and local knowledge and science

Wheeler

Root‐Bernstein

2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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An important reason to find methods for working with Indigenous and local knowledge is pursuit of the best information to inform decision-making. Ecological science, like all science relying on a strict epistemological method and aiming to produce general and universal knowledge, has not had the time or opportunity to sufficiently detail the operations of nature across spatial scales. Filling these knowledge gaps can provide key opportunities either to confirm existing models, generate new hypotheses, or even make new discoveries.

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Section: The Needs and Benefits Of Research Partnerships Between Indimentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing decision‐making with Indigenous and local knowledge and science

Wheeler

Root‐Bernstein

2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…The perspectives of those essential resources in Brazil are worrisome as the recent policies implemented have disturbed the key role the country had pursued on climate change mitigation and sustainable development efforts [140]. The current political context in the country may worsen the scenario [141], leading to a fear of state action limiting, and in some cases, threatening the activities of researchers, educators, and environmental practitioners-which has been described as the "landscape of fear" [142].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Implications of Alternative Bioenergy Crops to Support Smallholder Farmers in Brazil

et al. 2020

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Smallholders constitute more than three quarters of the world’s farmers, and despite their numbers, they commonly lack opportunities to advance their development status. Bioenergy production and consumption can help sustain smallholders’ energy needs and generate employment and income, but it also raises concerns over social justice and equity, especially where crops used for bioenergy could also be used for food. This perspective paper is grounded in a literature review related to three different crops in Brazil: sugarcane, landrace maize and sweet potato. It seeks to determine if these crops offer the potential to support smallholder farmers’ development in a more equitable way, focusing on opportunities for their use in bioenergy. We review the literature to identify policies shaping the smallholder development context in relation to these crops, assessing whose knowledge informs policy and institutional decision making, and highlighting the policy attention afforded to the different crops from different sectors. We further evaluate the literature on each crop in relation to water use and calorific value (i.e., food and energy). Our review indicates that while sugarcane has received the most policy and institutional attention, its development is largely anchored in research and development investments that support large-scale commercial farms and agri-businesses. Smallholders have not benefited or had the opportunity to engage in relevant policy decision making for sugarcane cultivation. At the same time, smallholders hold valuable untapped knowledge on the cultivation of sweet potato and landrace maize, both of which have the potential to generate development opportunities for smallholders. Our review suggests that the environmental impact of landrace maize and sweet potato in terms of water use is significantly lower than sugarcane, while they can generate more calories for energy or food consumption and offer diversification opportunities. Despite that these alternative crops offer considerable untapped potential to support rural development, more research is still needed to harness these benefits. Changes are needed to address inequities in policies, institutions and the types of knowledge informing decision making. Such changes need to afford smallholder farmers greater recognition and participation in decision making, so that the distribution of benefits from the three study crops can reach them to support their development better.

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“…Phillips 2019a;Tollefson 2018). These ideological others include all those who would get in the way of economic expansion through capital accumulation, especially environmental and social advocates, and particularly scientists that support these advocates' claims (Acebes, Wilkinson and Téllez-Chávez 2019;Pettorelli et al 2019;Tollefson 2018). His campaign was steeped in anti-environment enmity with direct attacks on prominent Brazilian environmental figures (Acebes, Wilkinson and Téllez-Chávez 2019) and promises to roll back environmental regulations and enforcement to free up land for development and extraction (Bogliolo 2019;Casado and Londoño 2019;Saad-Filho 2018).…”

Section: Extinction Exception and Enmity In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Populist authoritarian neoliberalism in Brazil: making sense of Bolsonaro's anti-environment agenda

Deutsch

2021

Journal of Political Ecology

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In Brazil, the looming threat of mass extinction has prompted increasingly exceptional measures to protect sensitive biomes. At the same time, such measures threaten to curtail capitalist expansion and thus Brazil's neoliberal model of economic development. Jair Bolsonaro's 2018 presidential campaign responded to these threats by fueling anti-environment sentiments and anti-environmentalist enmity. Once inaugurated, he immediately began the work of dismantling national environmental governance structures. Yet his strategies for doing so are often masked by what this article describes as a 'firehouse effect', where his tactics appear chaotic, confused, and lacking any particular goal. The article uses a combination of interviews with 35 environmental experts, participant observation, and a review of secondary sources to zoom in on Bolsonaro's anti-environmentalism within the context of the contemporary turn toward populist authoritarian neoliberalism. By focusing on how Bolsonaro's policies serve to weaken protective environmental measures that limit capitalist extraction, the article unearths the major anti-environment strategies of the Bolsonaro administration. This framework thus allows us to see through the 'firehouse effect' to make some sense of Bolsonaro's methods, further building on emerging research on the political ecologies of the contemporary populist authoritarian neoliberal turn. Moreover, the article shows the utility of applying a generalized populist authoritarian neoliberal framework to a particular context in order to identify its local processes and specificities.

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Applied ecologists in a landscape of fear

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Informing decision‐making with Indigenous and local knowledge and science

Informing decision‐making with Indigenous and local knowledge and science

Understanding the Implications of Alternative Bioenergy Crops to Support Smallholder Farmers in Brazil

Populist authoritarian neoliberalism in Brazil: making sense of Bolsonaro's anti-environment agenda

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