Applications of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in catalysis

Abstract

The main applications of yttria stabilized zirconia in catalysis are briefly reviewed and analyzed based on its functionalities.

Surface chemistry of pure tetragonal ZrO2 and gas-phase dependence of the tetragonal-to-monoclinic ZrO2 transformation

“…It is used for conversion of hydrocarbons in biomassrelated reactions 6 or doped with Y 2 O 3 as an anode support and electrolyte material in fuel cells. As such, it encompasses use in catalytic processes over a wide temperature range between few hundred K up to 1273 K. 15 Obviously, the respective requirements of the intrinsic properties of the used ZrO 2 material are strongly depending on the specific field of application. Many empirical and fundamental research attempts have therefore been made over the last decades to resolve the nature of the active sites on these ZrO 2 -based materials alongside their selective generation and exact control with suitable reducibility and stability.…”

Atomic layer deposition of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles on a high surface area electrode backbone for electrochemical promotion of catalysis

“…The approach of electrochemical promotion of catalysis (EPOC) refers to the pronounced, reversible and controlled changes in catalytic properties (activity and selectivity) upon electrical polarization [1][2][3][4]. Since the discovery of the effect [5], more than 100 different catalytic systems have been electrochemically promoted on various metal catalysts supported on different ionic conductors [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…In EPOC studies, an electrochemical cell is employed, in which one of the electrodes is the catalyst for the reaction under study. By controlling the polarization, ions can be pumped to or away from the catalyst, changing its work function and thus its catalytic properties [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…This design is inspired by solid oxide electrolyte cells (SOEC) [18] and offers a higher surface area in the porosity of LSCF/GDC than conventional pure metallic films. In addition, LSCF plays mainly the role of electronic conductor and GDC the ionic conductor [19], so their combination provides the two functionalities that are important for electrocatalysis [1][2][3][4]. The aforementioned approach has resulted in highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles of 3-20 nm with average size of 8 nm.…”

One-Pot Synthesis of N,N′-dialkylureas via Carbonylation of Amines with CO2 Applying Y0.08Zr0.92O1.96 Mixed Oxide (YSZ-8) as a Heterogeneous Catalyst

“…As a ceramic material with good thermal and chemical stability, Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is also one of the most widely used heterogeneous catalysts/catalyst supports in the field of catalytic synthesis [25]. It was reported to catalyze reactions such as oxidation of hydrocarbons [26], hydrogenation of CO and CO 2 [27,28], electrochemically assisted NO X storage-reduction [29], and so on.…”