Applications of Two-Step Intensity Modulated Arc Therapy

Abstract

Double rotation techniques can provide sufficient dose homogeneity for concave target volumes with excellent sparing of the surrounded organ at risk. They are not time consuming and can be used until IMRT will be applied routinely with adequate time load and effort.

Comparative analysis of SmartArc‐based dual arc volumetric‐modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) versus intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

“…Various methods have been used to improve local control by increasing the target coverage, including three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT) ( 1 ) and intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). ( 2 , 3 ) IMRT enables the simultaneous delivery of different doses to different target volumes, representing an ideal technique for localized dose escalation. ( 4 ) Volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT), which makes various gantry arcs with dynamic multileaf collimation to modulate the fluence map, has also been used.…”

Intraindividual Comparison of Conventional Three-Dimensional Radiotherapy and Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy in the Therapy of Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

“…In 4/9 patients IMRT allowed a decreased D max of the spinal cord (No. 4,5,6,8) Table 5. Comparison of 3DCRT and IMRT: Lung volume (%) treated > 20 Gy (V20 ) and lung volume (%) treated > 30 Gy (V30).…”

“…Further progress is awaited using modern dose delivering techniques aimed to increase the tumor dose and respecting the same constraints to the normal tissue [6,11,15,30,31,36,39].…”

Re-Irradiation of the Human Spinal Cord

“…Extrapolation of the animal data and first clinical reports [4,5,9,10,14,17] provide indications for the design of protocols for human spinal cord re-irradiation. In consideration of these data, a series of eight patients was re-treated for palliation with unavoidable re-exposure of the spinal cord.…”