Applications of thermal imaging with infrared thermography in Orthopaedics

Kumar, Prasoon; Gaurav, Ankit; Rajnish, Rajesh Kumar; Sharma, Siddhartha; Kumar, Vishal; Aggarwal, Sameer; Patel, Sandeep

doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101722

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Aware of the impossibility of considering rasterstereography as a substitute for x-rays in the diagnosis of spinal pathologies 25 , we support its strength as a screening tool, as reported by Rusnak et al in the early identification of spinal deformities in 311 children 38 . Likewise, we support IRT as a complementary method for screening and preventing muscle injuries 39 and inflammatory processes 40 . Therefore, we believe that reference data from both screening techniques can support orthopaedic, rehabilitation, and clinical research toward a better distinction of red flags of spine deformities.…”

Section: Malesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Thermography and rasterstereography as a combined infrared method to assess the posture of healthy individuals

Roggio

Petrigna

Trovato

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The demand for noninvasive methods to assess postural defections is increasing because back alterations are more common among the healthy population. We propose a combined infrared method of rasterstereography and thermography to assess the back without harmful effects. This study aims to provide reference data on rasterstereography and thermography to evaluate the back of a healthy population and to further study the correlation between these two methods. This cross-sectional research involved 175 healthy individuals (85 males and 90 females) aged 22 to 35 years. There is a large Cohen’s d effect size in the cervical depth (males = 43.77 ± 10.96 mm vs. females = 34.29 ± 7.04 mm, d = 1.03), and in the lumbar lordosis angle (males = 37.69 ± 8.89° vs. females = 46.49 ± 8.25°, d = − 1.03). The back temperature was different for gender in the cervical area (males = 33.83 ± 0.63 °C vs. females = 34.26 ± 0.84 °C, d = − 0.58) and dorsal area (males = 33.13 ± 0.71 °C vs. females = 33.59 ± 0.97 °C, d = − 0.55). Furthermore, in the female group there was a moderate correlation of lumbar temperature with lumbar lordosis angle (r = − 0.50) and dorsal temperature with shoulders torsion (r = 0.43). Males showed a moderate correlation for vertebral surface rotation RMS with cervical (r = − 0.46), dorsal (r = − 0.60), and lumbar (r = − 0.50) areas and cervical temperature with shoulders obliquity (r = 0.58). These results highlight a possible correlation between rasterstereography and thermography, which may elucidate the underlying mechanics of spinal alterations and thermal muscle response. Our findings may represent reference data for other studies using noninvasive methods to assess postural alterations.

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Section: Malesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Thermography and rasterstereography as a combined infrared method to assess the posture of healthy individuals

Roggio

Petrigna

Trovato

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Section: Thermographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the years, the temperature has shown to be a proficient indicator of health [30,31]. That is, any disease or body disorder with inflammatory consequences will generate changes in the temperature at the affected area [30][31][32]; therefore, these changes or heat signatures can be characterized to detect and diagnose a particular body condition [30]. In addition, for the detection of diseases or body disorders, temperature monitoring and its evolution to nominal values may confirm the adequacy of treatment or therapy effectiveness [32].…”

Section: Thermographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Knee Injury Identification through Thermal Image Processing and Convolutional Neural Networks

et al. 2022

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Knee injury is a common health problem that affects both people who practice sports and those who do not do it. The high prevalence of knee injuries produces a considerable impact on the health-related life quality of patients. For this reason, it is essential to develop procedures for an early diagnosis, allowing patients to receive timely treatment for preventing and correcting knee injuries. In this regard, this paper presents, as main contribution, a methodology based on infrared thermography (IT) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to automatically differentiate between a healthy knee and an injured knee, being an alternative tool to help medical specialists. In general, the methodology consists of three steps: (1) database generation, (2) image processing, and (3) design and validation of a CNN for automatically identifying a patient with an injured knee. In the image-processing stage, grayscale images, equalized images, and thermal images are obtained as inputs for the CNN, where 98.72% of accuracy is obtained by the proposed method. To test its robustness, different infrared images with changes in rotation angle and different brightness levels (i.e., possible conditions at the time of imaging) are used, obtaining 97.44% accuracy. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposal for differentiating between a patient with a healthy knee and an injured knee, having the advantages of using a fast, low-cost, innocuous, and non-invasive technology.

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“…Infrared thermography is a noninvasive method that has been used in a variety of clinical entities to measure skin temperature distribution 5 . The latter is subtended by microcirculatory blood flow 6 which is altered in inflammatory processes such as osteoarthritis 7 , 8 , infections 9 , or as a normal physiological response following surgical procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural history of changes in knee skin temperature following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gavish

Kandel

Rivkin

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Patients undergoing total-knee arthroplasty (TKA) have transient increases in anterior knee skin temperature (ST) that subside as recovery progresses–except in cases of systemic or local prosthetic joint infections (PJI). This meta-analysis was designed to quantify the changes in knee ST following TKA in patients with uncomplicated recovery as a prerequisite for assessing the usefulness of thermal imaging for diagnosis of PJI. This meta-analysis (PROSPERO-CRD42021269864) was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. PUBMED and EMBASE were searched for studies reporting knee ST of patients that underwent unilateral TKA with uncomplicated recovery. The primary outcome was the weighted means of the differences in ST between the operated and the non-operated knees (ΔST) for each time point (before TKA, and 1 day; 1,2, and 6 weeks; and 3,6, and 12-months post-TKA). For this analysis, 318 patients were included from 10 studies. The elevation in ST was greatest during the first 2-weeks (ΔST = 2.8 °C) and remained higher than pre-surgery levels at 4–6 weeks. At 3-months, ΔST was 1.4 °C. It decreased to 0.9 °C and 0.6 °C at 6 and 12-months respectively. Establishing the baseline profile of knee ST following TKA provides the necessary first step for evaluating the usefulness of thermography for the diagnosis of post-procedural PJI.

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Applications of thermal imaging with infrared thermography in Orthopaedics

Cited by 13 publications

References 66 publications

Thermography and rasterstereography as a combined infrared method to assess the posture of healthy individuals

Thermography and rasterstereography as a combined infrared method to assess the posture of healthy individuals

Automatic Knee Injury Identification through Thermal Image Processing and Convolutional Neural Networks

Natural history of changes in knee skin temperature following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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