Applications of the solid state transformer concept in the electrical power system

Bignucolo, Fabio; Bertoluzzo, Manuele; Fontana, Christian

doi:10.1109/aeit.2015.7415235

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Many SST architectures exist. e architectures have different design features, and circuit performances [16]. e SST architectures are classi ed into four groups.…”

Section: Sst Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Glance into solid-state transformer technology: a mirror for possible research areas

Umar

Jibril²,

Jimoh³

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Mat. Tech.

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Solid-State Transformer (SST), a power electronics based transformer is an emerging technology in electric power system. The transformer is being investigated to completely replace existing Line/Low Frequency Transformer (LFT). SST is composed of either of the two topologies: AC-DC-AC, two steps approach; or AC-AC, single-step approach. The two steps approach consists of three stages: AC-DC; DC-DC; and DC-AC stages. The DC-DC stage is made up of a boost DC-DC converter, a DC-AC inverter and a High Frequency Transformer, HFT. Therefore, SST performs the tasks of LFT by means of power electronic converters and HFT. The main essence of SST is to provide solution to the problem of bulkiness and heaviness of the LFT in the power distribution network. This is with the view to providing reduction in construction cost, cost of maintenance and transportation. The power electronics transformer provides numerous advantages which are grouped into: The transformer has high power density; it functions in blackouts and brownouts; and it provides easy means of distributed renewable energy integration into associated grid. Therefore, this paper provides a glance into the technology of the SST for its better understating and promotion of research activities in the area.

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“…Many SST architectures exist. e architectures have different design features, and circuit performances [16]. e SST architectures are classi ed into four groups.…”

Section: Sst Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…ere are three main conversion stages in the SST. ese are [16] and [17]: i) AC-DC conversion stage (Recti er); ii) DC-DC conversion stage; and DC-AC conversion stage (Inverter).…”

Section: Overview Of Sst Conversion Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glance into solid-state transformer technology: a mirror for possible research areas

Umar

Jibril²,

Jimoh³

et al. 2020

J. Appl. Mat. Tech.

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“…As shown in (9), the TAB converter is a two-input and two-output (TITO) system. The TITO system is characterized by significant interactions between their inputs and outputs.…”

Section: Power Transfer Modeling Of the Tab Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SST based on power electronics is a popular scheme to access to the AC grid and DC distribution system. It decreases the size of the system and provides instantaneous voltage regulation, bidirectional power flow, voltage sag and reactive power compensations, harmonic reduction, and so on [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Single-Phase SST for the Interface between a 13.2 kV MVAC Network and a 750 V Bipolar DC Distribution

Yun

Jeong

Kim³

et al. 2018

Electronics

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This paper presents the implementation of a single-phase solid-state transformer (SST) for the interface between a 13.2 kV medium voltage alternative current (MVAC) network and a 750 V bipolar DC distribution. The SST has ten cascaded subunits in consideration of the device rating and modulation index (MI). Each subunit consists of an AC/DC stage and a DC/DC stage with a high frequency isolated transformer (HFIT). The AC/DC stage consists of cascaded H-bridges (CHBs) to cope with the MVAC. The DC/DC stage employs a triple active bridge (TAB) converter for bipolar DC distribution. Topology analysis and controller design for this specific structure are discussed. In addition, the insulation of HFIT used in DC/DC converters is also discussed. A simple balancing controller at the AC/DC stage and a current sharing controller at the DC/DC stage are used to prevent DC-link voltage unbalance caused by the cascaded structure. The discussions are validated using a 150 kW single-phase 21-level SST prototype at the laboratory level.Electronics 2018, 7, 62 2 of 19 gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) packages for high-voltage and low-current application, and Ref.[12] presented a 3.3 kV 300 kVA back-to-back three-phase SST prototype for universal and flexible power management. In Ref.[13], a 15 kV 1.2 MVA single-phase SST prototype was designed for a railway grid. These prototypes have different structures depending on the purpose of use. In other words, the SST prototypes were designed to be suitable for specific applications.This paper introduces a single-phase 150 kW prototype of an SST for the connection between a 13.2 kV MVAC grid and a bipolar 750 V DC distribution system. This SST prototype consists of an AC/DC stage and a DC/DC stage. The AC/DC stage employs the CHB rectifiers and is responsible for power factor control, voltage regulation, and the voltage balancing of DC-links. The DC/DC stage employs a specially designed TAB converter for connecting to the bipolar DC distribution system. In addition, it is responsible for voltage control, and current sharing in parallel-connected outputs. This paper also discusses the insulation of the HFIT used in the TAB converter.The rest of this paper is organized as follows: the overall structure of the SST system used in this paper is briefly introduced in Section 2. Section 3 provides the details about the controller of AC/DC stage for the voltage balancing of DC-links. In Section 4, the DC/DC stage is analyzed including the characteristics of the topology, modeling, and controller design. In Section 5, the HFIT design for high-voltage insulation is discussed. The simulations and experimental results using a 150 kW SST prototype are presented in Sections 6 and 7, respectively. Finally, the conclusions are provided in Section 8.

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“…The ESSs exploitation at the end-user level, in coexistence with DGs, is encouraged by a variety of different advantages and opportunities [1][2][3], such as:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Energy Storage Systems Grid Code Requirements on Interface Protection Performances in Low Voltage Networks

Bignucolo

Cerretti²,

Coppo

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:The ever-growing penetration of local generation in distribution networks and the large diffusion of energy storage systems (ESSs) foreseen in the near future are bound to affect the effectiveness of interface protection systems (IPSs), with negative impact on the safety of medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) systems. With the scope of preserving the main network stability, international and national grid connection codes have been updated recently. Consequently, distributed generators (DGs) and storage units are increasingly called to provide stabilizing functions according to local voltage and frequency. This can be achieved by suitably controlling the electronic power converters interfacing small-scale generators and storage units to the network. The paper focuses on the regulating functions required to storage units by grid codes currently in force in the European area. Indeed, even if such regulating actions would enable local units in participating to network stability under normal steady-state operating conditions, it is shown through dynamic simulations that they may increase the risk of unintentional islanding occurrence. This means that dangerous operating conditions may arise in LV networks in case dispersed generators and storage systems are present, even if all the end-users are compliant with currently applied connection standards.

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Applications of the solid state transformer concept in the electrical power system

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

Glance into solid-state transformer technology: a mirror for possible research areas

Glance into solid-state transformer technology: a mirror for possible research areas

Implementation of a Single-Phase SST for the Interface between a 13.2 kV MVAC Network and a 750 V Bipolar DC Distribution

Effects of Energy Storage Systems Grid Code Requirements on Interface Protection Performances in Low Voltage Networks

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