Applications of terahertz frequency technologies in biology

Giles, Robert H.; Doradla, Fallavi; Martin, Jillian P.; Joseph, Cecil S.

doi:10.1109/irmmw-thz.2017.8067014

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…(b) In the same way, the output power (P Hot,rec , P Cold,rec ) of the measured system operating at certain RF frequency (f RF ) and certain LO frequency (f LO ), are tested at hot temperature (T Hot ) and low temperature (T Cold ), respectively. The conversion gain (G rec ), Y-factor (Y rec ) and DSB noise temperature (T rec ) of the measured system are calculated by formulas (6)- (8).…”

Section: B the Dsb Noise Temperature Of Mixermentioning

confidence: 99%

A 220 GHz Broadband Sub-Harmonic Mixer Based on Global Design Method

et al. 2019

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A terahertz mixer is one of terahertz key components and widely used on terahertz wireless communication, remote sensing, aerospace exploration, and biomedical system. The performance of the terahertz mixer has a great effect on the entire terahertz transceiver system performance. This paper proposes a 220 GHz broadband sub-harmonic mixer based on global design method (GDM), which is different from the traditional subdivision design method of which the mixer circuit is composed of functional unit circuits. Instead, the GDM adopts the overall performance of the mixer (conversion loss) as an optimization goal. The continuous structures of the circuit are described by ideal transmission line models and waveguide models, meanwhile, the S-parameters of the de-embedded model are used to describe the discontinuous structures. The measured single-sideband (SSB) conversion loss is basically consistent with the simulation results, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of the GDM. When local oscillator (LO) frequency is fixed at 110 GHz, the measured SSB conversion loss is less than 10 dB with the average value of 8.1 dB from 198 to 238 GHz. The minimum conversion loss of the mixer is 6.35 dB at 207 GHz. The measured double-sideband noise temperature of the mixer is less than 924 K at an intermediate frequency of 1.6 GHz. The GDM has the characteristics with a wide frequency band, small circuit size, simple structure, low LO power, and stable performance, and can also be applied to other terahertz components. INDEX TERMS Terahertz components, terahertz sub-harmonic mixer, subdivision design method, global design method.

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Section: B the Dsb Noise Temperature Of Mixermentioning

confidence: 99%

A 220 GHz Broadband Sub-Harmonic Mixer Based on Global Design Method

et al. 2019

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“…The design procedure of the proposed antenna is explained in detail along with the parametric study in this paper. The proposed THz antenna for operating in 1‐THz resonant frequency finds its applications in short distance wireless communication systems, multimedia broadcasting, mobile or satellite communications, radars, environmental sensing, medical systems, and biomedical applications 30 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Performance improvement techniques for THz patch antennas were discussed in previous studies [16][17][18][19] The performance improvement of various THz antennas is discussed in earlier research 20,21 and recent works on THz antennas published in other previous studies 14,[22][23][24] are based on metamaterial designs which enhance the antennas characteristics; however, the design complexity will be more while integrating metamaterial structures and this leads to undesired effects while development of array. A one-sided directional slot antenna for 1-THz frequency rage future telecommunication applications is presented in Kanaya et al 25 A survey on terahertz communications is presented in Chen et al 26 An introductory guideline to address the challenges and opportunities while designing a THz enabled antenna is discussed in Jamshed et al 27 The optimized Yagi-Uda antenna composed of one reflector, one dipole, and six directors for wideband sub-THz communications is presented in Nisamol et al 28 A pattern reconfigurable two element patch antenna is presented at 0.6-THz frequency in Usman et al 29 Applications of Terahertz Frequency Technologies in Biology were discussed in Giles et al 30 An overview on terahertz (THz) frequency metrology, starting from the nowadays available continuous wave THz sources, discussing their main features such as tunability, spectral purity, and frequency referencing to the primary frequency standards is available in Consolino et al 31 A detailed review of THz radiation properties, generation methods, and antenna configurations is presented in Mukherjee and Gupta. 32 A review of several state-of-the-art terahertz biomedical techniques and results and suggest potential techniques that may be applicable in real-world clinics in the near future are presented in Joo-Hiuk Son et al 33 Terahertz (THz) characterization of dielectric substrates, THz planar and quasi-optical components, THz probing of planar devices, and THz nondestructive evaluation (NDE) are demonstrated in Hejase et al 34 Therefore, in this paper, the performance of rectangular patch THz antenna is improved by the addition of slot in patch and modified ground structure to obtain higher gain and impedance matching performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed THz antenna for operating in 1-THz resonant frequency finds its applications in short distance wireless communication systems, multimedia broadcasting, mobile or satellite communications, radars, environmental sensing, medical systems, and biomedical applications. 30 In this section, the steps involved in the evolution of the proposed antenna design are explained. Figure 1 shows the proposed antenna with the dimension of 100 Â 150 Â 10 μm 3 , which in terms of wavelength can be given by 0.33 λ 0 Â 0.5 λ 0 Â 0.03 λ 0, where λ 0 is the free space wavelength at 1 THz.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gain improvement of THz antenna using semicircular slot and modified ground plane

Aathmanesan

2022

Int J Communication

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Summary In this paper, gain improvement and impedance matching of THz patch antenna by using semicircular slot and modified ground plane are discussed. The proposed antenna consists of a simple rectangular patch configuration. The novelty of the proposed antenna is its semicircular slot, and modified ground structures are used to enhance the gain and impedance matching of the proposed antenna. Design evolution along with parametric studies is also offered in this paper along with the return loss comparisons. Surface current distributions that are presented for the validation of proposed antenna's operation are controlled by the slots. The effect of slots on performance of the proposed antenna is also offered in this paper. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated on CST software. The proposed antenna occupies a compact area of 100 × 150 × 10 μm3, which in terms of wavelength can be given by 0.33 λ0× 0.5 λ0× 0.03 λ0, where 0.25emλ00.25em is the free space wavelength at 1 THz. The proposed antenna has a resonant frequency of 1 THz with a realized peak gain of 8.87 dBi and efficiency of 87%, respectively. The proposed antenna can be a suitable candidate for 1‐THz applications.

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“…With the increasing shortage of spectrum resources, such as microwave and millimetre wave, and the increasing demand for high-speed communications and high-precision detection, space satellite and terrestrial applications are moving towards higher frequencies. [1][2][3][4][5] Terahertz mixer is one of the core components of terahertz solid transceiver system. A single-stage reduced matching technology and Subdivision Design Method (SDM) are generally used to design terahertz harmonically mixers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of 199 to 238 GHz broadband subharmonic mixer combining two‐stage reduced matching technology with Global Design Method

Cui

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Terahertz technology is widely used in communications, radar, electronic countermeasures, precision guidance, and biomedical applications. In this paper, a 199 to 238 GHz broadband subharmonic mixer combining two-stage reduced matching technology with Global Design Method is designed, fabricated, measured, and analysed successfully. Compared with traditional single-stage reduced matching technology and Subdivision Design Method, the two-stage reduced matching technology is applied for terahertz mixer's Radio Frequency (RF) waveguide and Local Frequency (LO) waveguide, while the LO/Intermediate Frequency (IF) Low-Pass Filter of terahertz mixers is not necessary to design separately. The core of Global Design Method is that the whole mixer circuit, including LO/RF waveguide, is divided into basic transmission units, which match and filter circuit simultaneously with more optimization variables. When LO driven power is 3.1 mW, LO frequency is 108, 112 GHz. The measured singlesideband (SSB) conversion loss ranges from 7.84 to 12.4 dB with RF frequency 199 to 238 GHz. The measured double-sideband (DSB) noise temperature varies between 580 and 1059 K with LO driven power 2 to 5 mW. The multi-stage reduced matching technology and Global Design Method is general, effective, accurate, can reduce circuit size, simplify circuit structure, broaden frequency band, and can be applied for terahertz harmonically mixers.

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Applications of terahertz frequency technologies in biology

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

A 220 GHz Broadband Sub-Harmonic Mixer Based on Global Design Method

A 220 GHz Broadband Sub-Harmonic Mixer Based on Global Design Method

Gain improvement of THz antenna using semicircular slot and modified ground plane

Design of 199 to 238 GHz broadband subharmonic mixer combining two‐stage reduced matching technology with Global Design Method

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