Applications of Remote Sensing in Geoscience

Abstract

Remote sensing is becoming an important and useful tool in mapping large, remote areas and has many applications in geosciences such as geologic and geo-structural mapping, mineral and water exploration, hydrocarbon exploration, natural hazards analysis, and geomorphology. The recent advances in remote-sensing imaging acquisition and availability of images can help geoscientists to explore and prepare maps quickly and evaluate the geo-potential of any specific area on the globe. Advances in remote-sensing data analysis techniques have improved the capacity to map the geological structures and regional characteristics and can serve in mineral exploration in complex and poorly understood regions. In this chapter, geophysical remotely sensed data (airborne geophysics) are integrated with other sources of remotely sensed data to analyze three separate areas, one each for geological structure, lineament presence and orientation, and geothermal potential. Three case studies are discussed in this chapter from three countries-Afghanistan, United Arab Emirates, and Algeria-to show the effectiveness of remote sensing in mapping and detecting geo-structural, geomorphological, and geothermal characteristics of ground surfaces.

NVIS Multicarrier Modulations for Remote-Sensor Applications

“…This process is repeated identically for both antenna wires, resulting in an output of two dipole antennas with a phase difference of either +90 • or −90 • between each other. Equation (1) shows the unification of the two antennas which includes the non-phased wave in (2) and the 90 • phased wave in (3). It is important to mention that this system has been designed for a unique frequency.…”

“…Remote sensing became an extended study focus making use of new technologies such as light detection and ranging (LIDAR), artificial intelligence (AI) [2], machine learning [3], geocoding algorithms [4], deep convolutional neural networks [5] or multi-sensor fusion positioning [6], being part of some examples of the wide range of technologies that sensing uses.…”

Application of Remote Sensing and Spectroradiometry in Geological Mapping: a case study of Handeni (QDS 148) Block, Eastern Mozambique Belt, Tanzania

“…Advancement in technology over the last three decades has enabled remote sensing (RS) technology to be applied in various monitoring of the Earth surfaces like in oil-slick analysis and reef in sea areas as well as in land use planning (e.g., Chunming Wu et al 2018, Saibi et al 2018. RS has also evolved into a valuable tool to supplement conventional geological mapping (e.g., Bhan andKrishnanunni 1983, Saibi et al 2018).…”

New Insights into the Simulations of Electric Currents for Discharges and ULF Magnetic-Field Perturbations: Applications to the Popocatepetl Volcano and a Micro-Discharge Model

“…Between the individual elements of this geodynamic system there are connections that are clearly traceable in time and space, the study of which is an important element in the knowledge of our planet [4,5]. Obviously, the huge size of this geodynamic system does not allow the carrying out of area-based direct observation of its physical fields, so the role of remote-sensing methods, which have been widely developed in recent decades, is increasing [6][7][8][9][10]. Our work is devoted to the analysis of geomagnetic anomalies associated with volcanic and seismological sources.…”