“…An important level of advocacy intervention addresses “the values, norms, and expectations of a community” (Westcott & Grimes, 2023, p. 13) Relevant to the current case, it would be important to challenge the sexist, classist, and racist stereotypes related to single motherhood and addiction that shape Rachel’s experiences of shame and isolation. Expanding access to positive portrayals of single mothers and families affected by addiction would be one avenue for institutional advocacy that could contribute to the reduction of stigma and shame at the community level.…”