Applications of protein engineering in the microbial synthesis of plant triterpenoids

Luo, Yan; Jiang, Yaozhu; Chen, Linhao; Li, Chun; Wang, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.synbio.2022.10.001

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The oxidation of 4 and the preparation of these derivatives occur with the participation of P450 enzymes. Therefore, the high enzymatic activity of P450 cytochromes and proper enzyme engineering is extremely important in the bioconversion of 3-7 (Luo et al, 2022).…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Lupane-type Triterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lupane-Type Triterpenoids Biotransformation

Sagatovich,

Abdimanapovich,

Vasilevich

et al. 2024

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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A lot of scientific material has been accumulated in recent years about the biotransformation processes of lupine-type triterpenoids. The novelty of this review is the summary of these works, the analysis and identification of the most suitable biocatalysts for future researchers, and the presentation of development trends for new derivatives. The known biotransformation examples of the most common lupine-type triterpenoid representatives are considered. Analysis of their biosynthesis pathways starting with squalene is included also. Various approaches in this study are discussed to biotransformation using fungi, bacteria, and plant cell cultures. The conversion of betulin to betulinic acid is a process of special, even extreme interest. Cytochromes P450 are responsible for the catalysis of oxidation reactions while air oxygen is the oxidizer. The expression and activity of these enzymes are crucial factors for product yield. Basically, any given lupine-type triterpenoid can be transformed with P450 monooxygenases. Sadly, P450 catalysts are heme and NAD (P) H-dependent thus using isolated enzymes is not an option for biotransformation. So the whole-cell catalytic processes are completed by the formation of acids, ketones, or other oxidized products. Fungi cell cultures especially Cunninghamella blakesleeana, Armillaria luteo-virens, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa are characterized by one of the highest conversion rates. Also, fungi cells are tolerant to the antibacterial activity of lupinetype triterpenoids. Thus fungi are the most successful biocatalysts for biotransformation. Applications of lupane-type triterpenoids such as pro-drugs and cosmetics are addressed in the final part of this study. It has clearly indicated development prospects for obtaining new useful derivatives.

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Section: Biosynthesis Of Lupane-type Triterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lupane-Type Triterpenoids Biotransformation

Sagatovich,

Abdimanapovich,

Vasilevich

et al. 2024

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…Lower synthesis efficiency of monoterpenoids may arise from this, producing a variety of byproducts. Therefore, improving the specificity and efficiency of limited enzymes is indeed highly beneficial for the targeted production of specific products . There are many effective strategies have been employed to overcome the constraints of natural enzymes, thereby enhancing their efficiency and specificity in the synthesis of monoterpenoids.…”

Section: Multiple Strategies For the Production Of Monoterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Multiple Strategies of Monoterpenoid Overproduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica

Li,

Guo,

Yang

et al. 2024

ACS Synth. Biol.

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“…the key enzymes for ginsenoside biosynthesis from Pg , including CYP450s, UGTs, and oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs), were introduced to achieve ginsenosides in yeasts. Three genes have been found from multiple sources, such as higher plants Arabidopsis thaliana , Sorghum bicolor , Solanum lycopersicum , Glycine max , and Oryza sativa [ 67 , 68 ]. However, Pg has been demonstrated as the most important source for producing ginsenosides with high efficiency.…”

Section: Ginsenoside Biosynthesis In Engineered Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms for Ginsenosides Biosynthesis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

2023

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Ginsenosides are major bioactive compounds present in the Panax species. Ginsenosides exhibit various pharmaceutical properties, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic, hypertension, and neurodegenerative disorder activities. Although several commercial products have been presented on the market, most of the current chemical processes have an unfriendly environment and a high cost of downstream processing. Compared to plant extraction, microbial production exhibits high efficiency, high selectivity, and saves time for the manufacturing of industrial products. To reach the full potential of the pharmaceutical resource of ginsenoside, a suitable microorganism has been developed as a novel approach. In this review, cell biological mechanisms in anticancer activities and the present state of research on the production of ginsenosides are summarized. Microbial hosts, including native endophytes and engineered microbes, have been used as novel and promising approaches. Furthermore, the present challenges and perspectives of using microbial hosts to produce ginsenosides have been discussed.

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Applications of protein engineering in the microbial synthesis of plant triterpenoids

Cited by 11 publications

References 120 publications

Lupane-Type Triterpenoids Biotransformation

Lupane-Type Triterpenoids Biotransformation

Recent Advances and Multiple Strategies of Monoterpenoid Overproduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica

Microorganisms for Ginsenosides Biosynthesis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

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