Applications of Probabilistic Biostratigraphy to Chronostratigraphy

Blank, Richard G.

doi:10.1086/628458

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The process of correlating strata from geographically distinct sites causes additional errors. For marine microfossils from the Tertiary correlated by biostratigraphic means, the resolution between geographically distinct sites is between 0.1 ma and 3 ma (Blank 1979;Blank and Ellis 1982;see also Drooger 1974). The resolution in the bivalve data set is probably no better than this, since it extends much further back in time, and in general we expect the res olution to decrease as we go back in time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biases in the durations and diversities of fossil taxa

Pease

1985

Paleobiology

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The theoretical framework developed here delineates the biological and paleontological circumstances under which the observed durations and diversities of fossil taxa will be significantly affected by three time-dependent sampling biases. The pull of the Recent and the loss of fossiliferous sediments shorten the observed durations of ancient taxa, as compared to the observed durations of Recent taxa. By contrast, the duration truncation mechanism lengthens the observed durations of ancient, as compared to more recent, taxa. Both the pull of the Recent and loss of fossiliferous sediments decrease the observed diversity of ancient, as compared to contemporary, communities.This theoretical framework is built on four parameters: the extinction and origination rates q and p; the fossilization rate, v; and the fossil loss rate, h. I derive formulas for the observed durations and diversities of fossil taxa in terms of these parameters and develop a method of estimating these parameters. The estimation procedure is applied to the bivalve families, and I provide statistical evidence for the conclusion that q – p < 0 for bivalve families, and hence that bivalve diversity has been increasing through time. The theory predicts that a certain fraction of an extinct fauna will be represented by only one fossil, and hence will have an observed duration of zero. As the record becomes poorer, this fraction increases. For bivalves I assume that families known from only one stage have an observed duration of zero, and exploit this assumption to estimate h and v/p.To evaluate the errors made in applying the model to the bivalves, I estimate several parameters in two different ways and find the estimates to be consistent. Additionally, I argue that the errors caused by the simplifying assumptions of the model are less than the sampling errors inherent in estimating p, q, h, and v.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biases in the durations and diversities of fossil taxa

Pease

1985

Paleobiology

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“…The contrast between the deterministic and probabilistic attitudes (7 A and 7B respectively) can be demonstrated in most areas of quantitative stratigraphic correlation, both lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic. Segmentation of time-series, for instance, can be carried out on either basis (Kulinkovich, Sokhranov & Churinova, 1966, in contrast to Gill, 1970, as can sequencing (Smith & Fewtrell, 1979, in contrast to Blank, 1979), or pairwise comparison of time-series (Christopher, 1978, in contrast to Shuey et al 1978. Correlations can also be expressed both in deterministic and probabilistic terms, for instance the conventional correlation line between two sections as opposed to a correlation bracket (Hughes & Moody-Stuart, 1969).…”

Section: G Deterministic and Probabilistic Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for quantitative stratigraphic correlation: a review and annotated bibliography

Tipper

1988

Geol. Mag.

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The development of techniques for quantitative stratigraphic correlation has tended to outstrip their acceptance by practising stratigraphers. To make these techniques more readily accessible and to encourage their use, this paper presents a brief, general review of the problem of quantitative stratigraphic correlation and then shows how, using a natural framework for stratigraphic correlation, the stratigraphic time-series, there can be seen an orderly pattern among them. The annotated bibliography, of almost 400 articles, includes a majority of those references concerned with quantitative stratigraphic correlation, in whatever sense: the scheme of annotation provides a straightforward, albeit subjective indication of the general thrust of each article.

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Quantitative Biostratigraphy, 1830–1980

Brower

1981

Computer Applications in the Earth Sciences

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Applications of Probabilistic Biostratigraphy to Chronostratigraphy

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Biases in the durations and diversities of fossil taxa

Biases in the durations and diversities of fossil taxa

Techniques for quantitative stratigraphic correlation: a review and annotated bibliography

Quantitative Biostratigraphy, 1830–1980

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