Applications of Prediction Approaches in Wireless Sensor Networks

Engmann, Felicia; Adu-Manu, Kofi Sarpong; Abdulai, Jamal-Deen; Katsriku, Ferdinand Apietu

doi:10.5772/intechopen.94500

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…This is to make the network operational and efficient. These energy management schemes include energy harvesting, energy transfer, and energy conservation [25,26].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signal Propagation Models in Soil Medium for the Study of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: A Review of Current Trends

Banaseka

Katsriku

Abdulai

et al. 2021

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Radio signal propagation modeling plays an important role in the design of wireless communication systems. Various models have been developed, over the past few decades, to predict signal propagation and behavior for wireless communication systems in different operating environments. Recently, there has been an interest in the deployment of wireless sensors in soil. To fully exploit the capabilities of sensor networks deployed in soil requires an understanding of the propagation characteristics within this environment. This paper reviews the cutting-edge developments of signal propagation in the subterranean environment. The most important modeling techniques for modeling include electromagnetic waves, propagation loss, magnetic induction, and acoustic wave. These are discussed vis-a-vis modeling complexity and key parameters of the environment including electric and magnetic properties of soil. An equation to model propagation in the soil is derived from the free space model. Results are presented to show propagation losses and at different frequencies and volumetric water content. The channel capacity and the operating frequency are also analyzed against soil moisture at different soil types and antenna sizes.

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“…This is to make the network operational and efficient. These energy management schemes include energy harvesting, energy transfer, and energy conservation [25,26].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2017, 2018 [25,26] To prolong the lives of energy-hungry sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks, energy management schemes are proposed to keep the sensor nodes alive. This is to make the network operational and efficient.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Propagation Through Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal Propagation Models in Soil Medium for the Study of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: A Review of Current Trends

Banaseka

Katsriku

Abdulai

et al. 2021

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…Underwater applications include freshwater quality, climate change, ocean monitoring for aquatic life, and assessing coral reef alterations underwater-WSNs track events such as video, audio, and imaging in multimedia applications. They are utilised in real-time monitoring of hazardous compounds, target tracking, and rescue and search applications in mobile applications [7,8]. Despite the capabilities presented by WSNs, they are also associated with challenges in various application domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WSN Protocols and Security Challenges for Environmental Monitoring Applications: A Survey

et al. 2022

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In recent years, communication technology has improved exponentially, partly owing to the locations and nature of the deployment of sensor nodes. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprise these sensor nodes and can provide real-time physical and environmental measurements. The sensor nodes have limited power, which reduces their lifespan, especially when placed in human-inaccessible locations. This paper reviews energy-efficient protocols for environmental monitoring applications and energy harvesting-wireless sensor networks. The dynamic deployment and communication challenges associated with environmental monitoring applications (EMAs) make this paper take into account the WSN protocol stack, focusing on the physical layer, network layer (routing), and medium access control (MAC). The paper will delve deeper into the security challenges of deploying sensor nodes for environmental monitoring applications (EMAs). The paper further describes scientific approaches that churn out innovative and engineering applications that must be followed to improve environmental monitoring applications.

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“…[1][2][3]. In the recent past, the study of signal propagation in soil medium for underground wireless communication has focused mainly on empirical techniques [4][5][6][7][8]. The most commonly used modeling techniques for implementing IoUT include electromagnetic waves, magnetic induction, and acoustic waves [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal Propagation in Soil Medium: A Two Dimensional Finite Element Procedure

Banaseka¹,

Adu-Manu²,

Koi-Akrofi³

et al. 2022

Recent Topics in Electromagnetic Compatibility

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A two-Dimensional Finite Element Method of electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation through the soil is presented in this chapter. The chapter employs a boundary value problem (BVP) to solve the Helmholtz time-harmonic electromagnetic model. An infinitely large dielectric object of an arbitrary cross-section is considered for scattering from a dielectric medium and illuminated by an incident wave. Since the domain extends to infinity, an artificial boundary, a perfectly matched layer (PML) is used to truncate the computational domain. The incident field, the scattered field, and the total field in terms of the z-component are expressed for the transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes. The radar cross-section (RCS), as a function of several other parameters, such as operating frequency, polarization, illumination angle, observation angle, geometry, and material properties of the medium, is computed to describe how a scatterer reflects an electromagnetic wave in a given direction. Simulation results obtained from MATLAB for the scattered field, the total field, and the radar cross-section are presented for three soil types – sand, loam, and clay.

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Applications of Prediction Approaches in Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Signal Propagation Models in Soil Medium for the Study of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: A Review of Current Trends

Signal Propagation Models in Soil Medium for the Study of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: A Review of Current Trends

WSN Protocols and Security Challenges for Environmental Monitoring Applications: A Survey

Signal Propagation in Soil Medium: A Two Dimensional Finite Element Procedure

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