Applications of polychlorinated biphenyls

Erickson, Mitchell D.; Kaley, Robert G.

doi:10.1007/s11356-010-0392-1

Cited by 345 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(17 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

214

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Maroni et al [105] reported the hepatotoxicity of VCM and other studies have shown the capacity of VCM to Group 1 [76] TCE 79-01-6 Dry cleaning; paint stripping; metal degreasing; production of chlorinated chemical compounds; shoe manufacturing; aircraft/aerospace, electronics and printing industry [125,127] Group 1 [129] PCE 127-18-4 Dry cleaning; textile processing; metal degreasing [138] Group 2A [129] DDT 50-29-3 Farming industry [141,145] Group 2B [148] N-nitrosamines 35576-91-1 Plastic, rubber and pharmacological manufacturing; farming industry; metalworking; electrical component production and use; gasoline and lubricant additives, production and use [159][160][161][162][163][164][165] Group [160,161] TCDD 1746-01-6 Waste management; paper mill; timber manufacturing; iron and steel manufacturing; electric power industry [175,179] Group 1 [76] PeCDF 57117-31-4 Cement and metalworking industry; chemical manufacturing [171,172,175] Group 1 [76] PCB 1336-36-3 Electrical industry, plastic and chemical industry; maintenance/repair technicians of PCB devices [175,[186][187][188][189][190] 1 Group [76,207] PBB Electronics recycling industry; maintenance/repair technicians of PBB devices [209][210][211][212] Group 2A [207] Chloral 75-87-6 Insecticides and herbicide production; p...…”

Section: Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one case, exposure to olive oil accidentally contaminated with PCB resulted in death from hepatic cirrhosis. Other studies in workers exposed to the PCB have reported an increased incidence of liver tumors [185][186][187][188] . Some possible mechanisms by which PCB can cause cancer have been assumed: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is produced through the enzymatic oxidation or autoxidation of PCB; PCB determines the increased expression of genes responsible for inflammation and apoptosis in the liver; and PCB has "toxic" effects on certain genes, such as the loss of part of a chromosome and chromosome breakage [189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198][199] .…”

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenylsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure

Rapisarda

Loreto

Malaguarnera

et al. 2016

WJH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. The main risk factors for HCC are alcoholism, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cirrhosis, aflatoxin, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease and hemophilia. Occupational exposure to chemicals is another risk factor for HCC. Often the relationship between occupational risk and HCC is unclear and the reports are fragmented and inconsistent. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the association of infective and non-infective occupational risk exposure and HCC in order to encourage further research and draw attention to this global occupational public health problem. Core tip: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common human cancer. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the occupational risk factors of HCC. In particular, we underline not only the infective but also non-infective occupational risk exposure, including chemical agents and toxic metabolites which are a major cause of liver damage.

show abstract

Section: Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenylsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure

Rapisarda

Loreto

Malaguarnera

et al. 2016

WJH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PCBs were mainly used worldwide between 1930s and 1970s as complex mixtures, such as Aroclor in electrical transformers and capacitors, heat transfer systems, paints, coatings, and flame retardants because of their relatively low flammability and excellent dielectric properties (Erickson and Kaley, 2011). Despite their ban in the late 1970s, PCBs continue to be recorded as one of the major contaminants worldwide due to their properties and release from atmospheric deposition, surface runoff from industrial wastewater discharge, and from municipal waste sites in the environment (Lana et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in surface sediments of the North End Lake, Port Elizabeth, South Africa

Kampire

Rubidge

Adams

2017

WSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The distribution and concentrations of 6 indicator polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, nos. 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180, were determined in surface sediments from the North End Lake in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Forty-two surficial sediment samples were collected from different locations covering the region that receives the majority of the industrial waste, urban effluents and runoff and thus expected to be contaminated with different degrees of contamination. The analysis was achieved by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using the internal standard method. The total PCB concentrations in the samples ranged from 1.60 to 3.06 ng·g -1 dry weight (dw). The concentrations of congener profiles showed significant differences. Generally, the highest PCB concentrations were associated with high organic matter contents and small grain size. The highly chlorinated PCBs dominated with regards to the levels in sediments. PCB 138 was the major contributor to the total PCBs and was detected at 100% of sites. This study provided a snapshot of the PCB contamination status in the North End Lake sediments, and allowed for a comparison between the investigated system and other systems worldwide.

show abstract

“…The required properties of electrical insulating fluids are high dielectric strength, low viscosity, high chemical stability and etc. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) fit those criteria, therefore they were widely used as dielectric fluid in transformers from 1930 [8]. PCBs (C 12 H 10-n Cl n ) are the family of chemicals formed by attaching one or more chlorine atoms to a pair of connected benzene rings.…”

Section: Ecological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sclero-topometry Metrology in Valorisation of Waste Oil for Micro-machining of Ductile Cast Iron

Eymard¹,

Ignaszak²,

Mathia³

2013

Archives of Foundry Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the time, the specific characteristics and the efficient lifetime of oil progressively decrease, due to complex pollution, ultimately making the oil unsuitable for the initial applications. The strategy to regenerate and to valorise waste oils is investigated using improved combinations of sclerometric and topometric tests on ductile nodular cast iron. Tribo-abrasive tests are performed in critical conditions, with base oil, waste oil and regenerated oil, of similar viscosities in order to discriminate their interfacial performances. The forms of the scratch traces indicate wear resistance and tendency to elasto-plastic deformation. The mechanisms of deformation and frictional behaviours were evaluated using optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy and measured for various tribological conditions with tactile and optical profilometry. The Energy Dispersive X ray Spectroscopy completes the chemical superficial distribution of pertinent elements. The surface topography metrology is used to characterize the scratch profiles and to determine the volume of the displaced and removed material, as well as maximum pit height. The originality of this paper is that it is a unique approach specifically devoted to transformer oil concerning tribological conditions.

show abstract

Applications of polychlorinated biphenyls

Abstract: A major contribution of this paper is to differentiate reported commercial applications of PCBs that can be documented from those which cannot. Undocumented uses may include actual minor uses as well as reported applications that are unlikely ever to have been commercialized.

Cited by 345 publications

References 22 publications

Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure

Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure

Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls in surface sediments of the North End Lake, Port Elizabeth, South Africa

Sclero-topometry Metrology in Valorisation of Waste Oil for Micro-machining of Ductile Cast Iron

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About