Applications of Palaeoecology in Conservation~!2010-03-15~!2010-05-01~!2010-06-22~!

Davies, Althea; Bunting, M. Jane

doi:10.2174/1874213001003020054

Cited by 66 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Environmentally sound urbanization of the entire coastal zone is needed to support a functioning coupled humanocean ecosystem (Halpern et al 2012). While many ecosystems, particularly smaller microtidal systems, lack historical reference baseline data, proxy data can be used to help define effects of urbanization on nutrient and organic matter sources and their fates (e.g., Davies and Bunting 2010;Smol 2010). Several sediment coring studies have been conducted to determine the effects of historical urbanization in large bays, harbors, and riverine systems adjacent to urban or residential centers (e.g., Cornwell et al 1996;Tucker et al 1999;Bratton et al 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land‐use related changes to sedimentary organic matter in tidal creeks of the northern Gulf of Mexico

Darrow

Carmichael

Calci

et al. 2016

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of land use on hydrology, organic matter sources, and processing may be proportionately greater in tidal creeks than large estuaries, yet tidal creek systems have been undervalued in assessments of emerging effects of anthropogenic land use. Through sampling of dated sediment cores, we identified indicators of historical land use change (past 150 yr) in a microtidal northern Gulf of Mexico tidal creek system in the early stages of urbanization. We found that tidal creeks differed from open water sites, and urbanized sites differed from less altered sites, primarily due to changes in carbon sources indicated by differences in sediment stable carbon isotope (δ13C) values, and concentrations of fecal indicator bacterium Clostridium perfringens. Total organic carbon (%TOC) and carbon : nitrogen (C : N) increased twofold in tidal creeks during upstream urbanization in the early 20th century, which led to elevated mid‐century sediment TOC accumulation rates (5–10 mg C cm−2 yr−1), followed by decreases in TOC accumulation in tidal creeks and open waters since the 1960s (0.4–1.8 mg C cm−2 yr−1). C. perfringens and nitrogen stable isotope values (δ15N) were, respectively, 1.8 and 1.5 times higher at wastewater‐influenced sites than at other sites, increasing through time or remaining high at wastewater‐influenced sites from approximately the 1950s‐present, when human populations quadrupled. Hence, urbanization altered estuarine inputs from upland C sources and increased inputs from human‐derived N and microbes. These findings suggest that tidal creeks are more sensitive archives of land‐use change than open water systems due to their proximity and greater connectivity to the watershed.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land‐use related changes to sedimentary organic matter in tidal creeks of the northern Gulf of Mexico

Darrow

Carmichael

Calci

et al. 2016

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For a discussion on application to start, landscape historians and archaeologists need to seek out collaboration with government ecologists, conservation biologists and advocates of HNVf. Palaeoecologists started to think about bridging this gap more than ten years ago (Bunting & Whitehouse, 2008;Davies & Bunting, 2010) and in the UK there is now a Special Interest Group within the British Ecological Society which aims to apply lessons from the past. However, since these findings are mainly derived from pollen and sedimentary records they do not always speak to the socio-economic aspects of past habitat change.…”

Section: Bridging the Gap To Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Hill farmers, habitats and time: the potential of historical ecology in upland management and conservation

Costello

2020

Landscape Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article responds to calls for the historical sciences to inform adaptation in the Anthropocene, in this case, the sustainability of hill farming in view of EU habitat conservation. Focusing on Kerry, Ireland, it highlights the difficulties that conservation of upland bog, heath and grassland habitats faces due to rural depopulation. It then uses landscape history to assess the long-term feasibility of conserving/restoring these habitats according to EU directives, pointing to the remarkably recent disappearance of woodland due to grazing and deforestation. Instead of being 'traditional', as conservation discourse holds it to be, historical management of uplands by farmers could vary greatly depending on sociopolitical factors and economic trends. I discuss how this historical ecology of change helps to explain the failure of conservation in parts of Ireland, and outline how 'lessons from the past' may contribute to sustainable upland management if co-evolution is accepted as an ongoing process.

show abstract

“…Diurnal, lunar, seasonal, annual, and to some extent decadal scale changes can be directly observed, measured, and/or monitored by scientists; however, to investigate change that occurs over decadal to millennial scales, paleoecologic, and geologic records must be used to extend the period of record past directly recorded data. For these reasons, scientists have advocated the use of paleoecologic and geologic data to provide the long-term perspective on community and ecosystem responses to change (for example, Binford et al, 1983;Davis, 1989;Anderson, 1993;Cohen, 1995;Orson, 1996;Parsons et al, 1999;Swetnam et al, 1999;Aronson and Precht, 2001;Jackson, 2001Jackson, , 2007Jackson et al, 2001;Kowalewski, 2001;Alin and Cohen, 2004;Weckström et al, 2004;NRC, 2005;Bottjer, 2006;Froyd and Willis, 2008;Jackson and Hobbs, 2009;Davies and Bunting, 2010;Gell, 2010;Watson et al, 2011;Seddon et al, 2014;Van Riper et al, 2014;Kidwell, 2015;Pellatt et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Paleoecology in Restoration and Resource Management—The Past As a Guide to Future Decision-Making: Review and Example from the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, U.S.A

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resource managers around the world are challenged to develop feasible plans for sustainable conservation and/or restoration of the lands, waters, and wildlife they administer-a challenge made greater by anticipated climate change and associated effects over the next century. Increasingly, paleoecologic and geologic archives are being used to extend the period of record of observed data and provide information on centennial to millennial scale responses to long-term drivers of ecosystem change. The development of paleoecology from an emerging field investigating past environments to a highly relevant applied science is reviewed and general examples of the application of paleoecologic research to resource management questions in diverse habitats and regions are provided. Specific examples of the application of paleoecologic research to the restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem of south Florida (U.S.A) are presented. Conducting valuable scientific research that would benefit resource management decisions, however, is not enough. Scientists and resource managers need to be engaged in collaborative discussions from the beginning of the research process to ensure that management questions are being addressed and that the science reaches the people who will benefit from the information. Paleoecology and related disciplines provide an understanding of how ecosystems and individual species function and change over time in response to both natural and anthropogenic drivers. Information on pre-anthropogenic baseline conditions is provided by paleoecologic research, but it is the detection of long-term trends and cycles that allow resource managers to set realistic goals and targets by moving away from the fixed-point baseline concept to one of dynamic landscapes that anticipates and incorporates an expectation of change into decision-making.

show abstract

Applications of Palaeoecology in Conservation~!2010-03-15~!2010-05-01~!2010-06-22~!

Cited by 66 publications

References 98 publications

Land‐use related changes to sedimentary organic matter in tidal creeks of the northern Gulf of Mexico

Land‐use related changes to sedimentary organic matter in tidal creeks of the northern Gulf of Mexico

Hill farmers, habitats and time: the potential of historical ecology in upland management and conservation

The Role of Paleoecology in Restoration and Resource Management—The Past As a Guide to Future Decision-Making: Review and Example from the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, U.S.A

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About