Applications of Omics Technologies for Three-Dimensional<i>In Vitro</i>Disease Models

Pieters, Vera M; Co, Ileana L.; Wu, Nila C.; McGuigan, Alison P.

doi:10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0300

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Recent biotechnological advancements have made possible the characterisation of signalling pathways that are conserved across infection types [45] , [46] . For example, profiling global gene expression and aligning sequences to reference genomes has enabled isolation of differentially expressed genes pre- and post-infection [47] , [48] .…”

Section: Host Anti-infective Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A determination of pan-pathogen antimicrobials?

Prathapan

2022

Medicine in Drug Discovery

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While antimicrobial drug development has historically mitigated infectious diseases that are known, COVID-19 revealed a dearth of ‘in-advance’ therapeutics suitable for infections by pathogens that have not yet emerged. Such drugs must exhibit a property that is antithetical to the classical paradigm of antimicrobial development: the ability to treat infections by any pathogen. Characterisation of such ‘pan-pathogen’ antimicrobials requires consolidation of drug repositioning studies, a new and growing field of drug discovery. In this review, a previously-established system for evaluating repositioning studies is used to highlight 4 therapeutics which exhibit pan-pathogen properties, namely azithromycin, ivermectin, niclosamide, and nitazoxanide. Recognition of the pan-pathogen nature of these antimicrobials is the cornerstone of a novel paradigm of antimicrobial development that is not only anticipatory of pandemics and bioterrorist attacks, but cognisant of conserved anti-infective mechanisms within the host-pathogen interactome that are only now beginning to emerge. Ultimately, the discovery of pan-pathogen antimicrobials is concomitantly the discovery of a new class of antivirals, and begets significant implications for pandemic preparedness research in a world after COVID-19.

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Section: Host Anti-infective Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A determination of pan-pathogen antimicrobials?

Prathapan

2022

Medicine in Drug Discovery

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“…Several biotechnological advancements have made possible the characterisation of signalling pathways that are conserved across infection types 39,40 . Pro ling global gene expression and sequence alignment to reference genomes enable isolation of differentially expressed genes pre-and post-infection 41,42 .…”

Section: Host Anti-infective Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Determination of Pan-Pathogen Antimicrobials

Prathapan

2021

Preprint

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Drug repositioning studies in recent decades have revealed a growing number of antimicrobials effective at treating infection types tangential to their original antimicrobial classification. Such ‘pan-pathogen antimicrobials’ (or ‘broad-spectrum anti-infectives’) have not yet been formally characterised. This review examines historical limitations of the canonical antimicrobial lexicon in light of the contemporary model for infectious disease and propounds a taxonomy that defines antimicrobials according to the host-pathogen interactome, not the pathogen. By doing so, antimicrobials that are effective at treating multiple infection types are highlighted, namely azithromycin, ivermectin, niclosamide, and nitazoxanide. Recognition of the pan-pathogen nature of these antimicrobials can stimulate a more unified approach to antimicrobial development cognisant of generalised anti-infective mechanisms within the host-pathogen interactome and anticipatory of future pandemics and bioterrorist attacks.

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