Applications of Non-Coding RNAs in Patients With Retinoblastoma

Fernandez-Diaz, Daniel; Rodriguez-Vidal, Cristina; Silva-Rodríguez, Paula; Paniagua, Laura; Blanco-Teijeiro, María José; Pardo, María Laura; Piñeiro, Antonio; Bande, Manuel Febrero

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.842509

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Recent studies examining ncRNAs' function in RB have seen an increase in recent years. In this context, ncRNAs are regarded as relevant and innovative biomarkers not only for the early diagnosis of this tumor but also for providing a therapeutic and prognostic approach to improving the survival and quality of life of RB patients [8].…”

Section: Biomarkers From Non-coding Rna Regulation In Retinoblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Regulation in Retinoblastoma

Karla¹,

Matilde²,

Meraz-Ríos³

2023

ABB

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The Retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) gene, located on chromosome 13q14 and encodes the tumor-suppressor retinoblastoma protein, is the cause of Retinoblastoma. The mutational inactivation of both gene alleles brings on this cancer. Retinoblastoma (RB) high-risk histopathological characteristics indicate metastasis or local recurrence with rapid progresses following RB1 inactivation. There is growing interest in regulatory activities unconnected to the coding region of the genome, or exome, in addition to epigenetic control mechanisms. The altered epigenome is significant, though by no means the only, problem in the etiology of Retinoblastoma. After all, cancer development is a multistep process in which numerous dissimilar genetic, epigenetic, and posttranscriptional modifications result in a shared phenotype. This study emphasizes the most recent developments in posttranscriptional change and epigenetics related to retinoblastoma tumor biology. Here, we highlight the novel biomarkers the retinoblastoma tumor has expressed to improve patient survival.

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Section: Biomarkers From Non-coding Rna Regulation In Retinoblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Regulation in Retinoblastoma

Karla¹,

Matilde²,

Meraz-Ríos³

2023

ABB

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“…Epigenetics is widely recognized to play a fundamental role in ocular pathologies ( 36 ). Rb tumorigenesis and progression require additional genetic and epigenetic alterations following RB1 inactivation ( 37 ).…”

Section: New Treatment and Diagnostic Perspectives Of Retinoblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoblastoma: Review and new insights

et al. 2022

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Retinoblastoma (Rb), the most frequent malignant intraocular tumor in childhood, is caused by mutations in the retinoblastoma gene (RB1) situated on chromosome 13q14.2. The incidence of retinoblastoma is approximately 1 in 17,000 live births with approximately 8,000 new cases diagnosed each year worldwide. Rb is the prototypical hereditary cancer in humans. Autosomal dominant inheritance is seen in 30-40% of cases whereas the non-inherited sporadic type accounts for the remaining 60-70%. Rb arises due to inactivation of both alleles of the Rb tumor suppressor gene, which results in a defective Rb protein (pRB) with subsequent cell cycle impairment and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Patients with Rb have survival rates higher than 95-98% in industrialized countries but mortality remains high in developing countries. For example, the mortality rate in Africa is 70%. In all cases of intraocular and extraocular retinoblastoma, there is a need for new therapies that are more effective and carry less risk of toxicity. The Bruckner test is a practical and easy test for the detection of Rb, this test consists of assessing the fundus reflex through the pupil (red reflex) in both eyes simultaneously with a bright coaxial light produced with the direct ophthalmoscope. Rb can be detected by the Bruckner test showing a pupil that shines white or “Leukocoria”. Although the diagnosis of Rb remains essentially clinical, the newly identified biomarkers could contribute to early molecular detection, timely detection of micrometastases and establish new therapeutic options for Rb.

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“…Non-coding RNA refers to RNA that does not encode protein, including microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) ( 72 ). Non-coding RNAs interact with proteins, DNA and RNA, participate in a variety of cellular activities, including gene activation, RNA splicing and protein translation ( 73 ).…”

Section: Hmgs In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

High Mobility Group Proteins in Sepsis

Liang

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response disease, is the most severe complication of infection and a deadly disease. High mobility group proteins (HMGs) are non-histone nuclear proteins binding nucleosomes and regulate chromosome architecture and gene transcription, which act as a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the delayed endotoxin lethality and systemic inflammatory response. HMGs increase in serum and tissues during infection, especially in sepsis. A growing number of studies have demonstrated HMGs are not only cytokines which can mediate inflammation, but also potential therapeutic targets in sepsis. To reduce sepsis-related mortality, a better understanding of HMGs is essential. In this review, we described the structure and function of HMGs, summarized the definition, epidemiology and pathophysiology of sepsis, and discussed the HMGs-related mechanisms in sepsis from the perspectives of non-coding RNAs (microRNA, long non-coding RNA, circular RNA), programmed cell death (apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis), drugs and other pathophysiological aspects to provide new targets and ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis.

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Applications of Non-Coding RNAs in Patients With Retinoblastoma

Cited by 6 publications

References 101 publications

Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Regulation in Retinoblastoma

Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Regulation in Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma: Review and new insights

High Mobility Group Proteins in Sepsis

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