Applications of Nanomaterials in Radiotherapy for Malignant Tumors

Wang, Yanchao; Liang, Ruichao; Fang, Fang

doi:10.1166/jnn.2015.10617

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Several studies were related to the design of various types of nanostructured scaffolds that could allow the regeneration of different type of tissues [27,28,29]. In addition, it was reported that these materials and matrices have been compared and evaluated for their better biocompatibility and efficacy in supporting the damaged tissue [30,31,32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured TiO2 Surfaces Promote Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation to Osteoblasts

et al. 2016

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Micro- and nano-patterning/modification are emerging strategies to improve surfaces properties that may influence critically cells adherence and differentiation. Aim of this work was to study the in vitro biological reactivity of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to a nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) surface in comparison to a coverglass (Glass) in two different culture conditions: with (osteogenic medium (OM)) and without (proliferative medium (PM)) osteogenic factors. To evaluate cell adhesion, hBMSCs phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK) foci were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) at 24 h: the TiO2 surface showed a higher number of pFAK foci with respect to Glass. The hBMSCs differentiation to osteoblasts was evaluated in both PM and OM culture conditions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), CLSM and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) at 28 days. In comparison with Glass, TiO2 surface in combination with OM conditions increased the content of extracellular bone proteins, calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed, both in PM and OM, that TiO2 surface increased at seven and 28 days the expression of osteogenic genes. All together, these results demonstrate the capability of TiO2 nanostructured surface to promote hBMSCs osteoblast differentiation and its potentiality in biomedical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured TiO2 Surfaces Promote Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation to Osteoblasts

et al. 2016

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“…For EBRT, radiation beams such as high-energy x-rays, electron or proton beams from outside the body are placed directly onto tumors to induce cancer cell death. [2,[4][5][6][7][13][14][15][16] Despite the wide use of RT for cancer treatment, it still has many shortcomings. [7][8][9][10][11][12] While EBRT has been extensively employed for treatment of local solid tumors such as breast, colorectal, esophageal, head and neck, lung, prostate, and brain tumors, RIT can be used to treat both local tumors as well as metastatic tumors spread throughout the body.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201700996mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials for Cancer Radiation Therapy

et al. 2017

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Radiation therapy (RT) including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT) has been widely used for clinical cancer treatment. However, owing to the low radiation absorption of tumors, high doses of ionizing radiations are often needed during RT, leading to severe damages to normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Meanwhile, the RT efficacies are limited by different mechanisms, among which the tumor hypoxia-associated radiation resistance is a well-known one, as there exists hypoxia inside most solid tumors while oxygen is essential to enhance radiation-induced DNA damages. With the development in nanotechnology, there have been great interests in using nanomedicine strategies to enhance radiation responses of tumors. Nanomaterials containing high-Z elements to absorb radiation rays (e.g. X-ray) can act as radio-sensitizers to deposit radiation energy within tumors and promote treatment efficacy. Nanoscale carriers are able to deliver therapeutic radioisotopes into tumors for internal RIT, or chemotherapeutic drugs for synergistically combined chemo-radiotherapy. As uncovered in recent studies, the tumor microenvironment could be modulated by various nanomedicine approaches to overcome hypoxia-associated radiation resistance. Herein, the authors will summarize the applications of nanomedicine for RT cancer treatment, and pay particular attention to the latest development of 'advanced materials' for enhanced cancer RT.

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“…Each of these approaches, however, currently has some limitations and challenges that will need to overcome for optimal application. [128][129][130] There are many ways in which these roadblocks can be addressed both synthetically and biologically, with perhaps the most promising route being the co-engineering of AuNCs and …”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progresses of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters in Biomedical Applications

Zhang¹,

Xiang²,

Fu³

2016

j nanosci nanotechnol

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Water-soluble fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have recently become one of the promising nanomaterials in biomedicine. Benefiting from their promising revolves around the broad versatility and biocompatibility, as well as unique physicochemical properties of high stability in biological media and excellent photostability, functionalized AuNCs have shown great potential in a broad range of biomedical applications, including cell and virus tracking, pathogen detection, bioimaging, drug delivery and theranostics. Here the advantages and drawbacks of fluorescent AuNCs in biomedical applications are discussed. Perhaps the most promising route is the co-engineering of AuNCs and functionalized molecules in synergistic conjugates, which might integrate the advantages of AuNCs and tagged molecules, and compensate the weaknesses of each other to meet the requirements for clinical application.

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Applications of Nanomaterials in Radiotherapy for Malignant Tumors

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Nanostructured TiO2 Surfaces Promote Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation to Osteoblasts

Nanostructured TiO2 Surfaces Promote Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation to Osteoblasts

Emerging Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials for Cancer Radiation Therapy

Recent Progresses of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters in Biomedical Applications

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