Applications of magnetic metal–organic framework composites

Abstract

The high and regular porosity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provides exceptional properties suitable for technological applications. The increasing interest of the scientific community is based on the exploration of these advantageous properties for industrial applications. Pure MOFs are specifically designed to offer a huge surface area; such a high specific surface area has been explored and exploited for gas storage, separation, or catalysis in a variety of chemical processes. A different and promising scientific trend aims to combine MOFs with extrinsic functionalities such as functional nanoparticles; this strategy enables the preparation of new nanocomposite materials with unprecedented properties. An interesting case is offered by the synergic combination of magnetic particles with MOF crystals. In the resulting nanocomposite material, the adaptive functional responses can be triggered by an external magnetic field. In this context, different protocols have been developed for the efficient preparation of magnetic framework composites (MFCs), a class of materials that combines magnetic nano-or micro-particles with MOFs crystals. This application paper highlights the progress on MFCs for drug delivery, environmental control, catalysis, sensing and miniaturized device fabrication.Raffaele Ricco (1979) received his Master's degree in Chemistry (2004) and his PhD in Molecular Sciences (2008) from the University of Padua, Italy. He was a researcher at the CIVEN Association in Venice, Italy, from 2008 to 2012. He was appointed a post doctoral fellow position in Paolo Falcaro's group at the CSIRO Material Science and Engineering Division (Melbourne, Australia) in 2012. His main research topic deals with the synthesis of metal organic frameworks and their applications in sensing and catalysis.

Applications of inorganic–organic mesoporous materials constructed by self-assembly processes for removal of benzo[k]fluoranthene and benzo[b]fluoranthene

“…Nkansaha et al [17] employed a lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) to remove phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene from aqueous media, while Lee et al (2004) [18] used different XAD resins for the removal of PAHs vapors. Other techniques that have been reported include the adsorption of PAHs by the mesoporous materials MCM-41 and Al-MCM-41 in solution in isooctane [19], as well as by activated carbon [20], leonardite [21], modified mesoporous organosilica [22], and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [23].…”

Facile synthesis of magnetic hybrid Fe3O4/MIL-101 via heterogeneous coprecipitation assembly for efficient adsorption of anionic dyes

“…MOF composites are multifunctional materials composed of MOFs and other distinct constituent materials, including quantum dots [5,6], metal nanoparticles [7][8][9], graphene [10][11][12][13], MWCNTs [14], porous silica nanospheres [15], and magnetic beads [16]. In particular, owing to the merit of unique magnetic properties, the combinations of magnetic materials with MOFs have sparked great excitement especially in drug delivery [17,18], catalysis [19], adsorption [20,21] and detection [22,23].…”

Fe3O4@HKUST-1 and Pd/Fe3O4@HKUST-1 as magnetically recyclable catalysts prepared via conversion from a Cu-based ceramic

“…This is generally achieved by a gravimetric separation step, exploiting the different sedimentation rate between the nanoparticles and the MOF crystals, before separating the magnetic composite from the pure MOF. 25 Additionally, particle size and morphology are limited by the cavities of the MOFs. 30,31 Moreover, the framework can potentially be degraded during nanoparticle formation.…”