Applications of ionic liquids in analytical chemistry with a particular emphasis on their use in solid-phase microextraction

Nawała, Jakub; Dawidziuk, Barbara; Dziedzic, Daniel; Gordon, Diana; Popiel, Stanisław

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2018.04.010

Cited by 87 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Plant hormone in plants were analyzed by GC-MS initially, in which the separation was dependent on using different partition coefficients between the gas phase and the stationary phase [20,26,56,[84][85][86]. However, most plant hormones are non-volatile, therefore a derivatization step is integral, not only it converts the nonvolatile plant hormones to more volatile and thermally stable derivatives, but also for changing chromatographic behavior, improving detection sensitivity and selectivity of the analytes [87].…”

Section: Mass Spectrometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments and emerging trends of mass spectrometric methods in plant hormone analysis: a review

et al. 2020

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Plant hormones are naturally occurring small molecule compounds which are present at trace amounts in plant. They play a pivotal role in the regulation of plant growth. The biological activity of plant hormones depends on their concentrations in the plant, thus, accurate determination of plant hormone is paramount. However, the complex plant matrix, wide polarity range and low concentration of plant hormones are the main hindrances to effective analyses of plant hormone even when state-of-the-art analytical techniques are employed. These factors substantially influence the accuracy of analytical results. So far, significant progress has been realized in the analysis of plant hormones, particularly in sample pretreatment techniques and mass spectrometric methods. This review describes the classic extraction and modern microextraction techniques used to analyze plant hormone. Advancements in solid phase microextraction (SPME) methods have been driven by the ever-increasing requirement for dynamic and in vivo identification of the spatial distribution of plant hormones in real-life plant samples, which would contribute greatly to the burgeoning field of plant hormone investigation. In this review, we describe advances in various aspects of mass spectrometry methods. Many fragmentation patterns are analyzed to provide the theoretical basis for the establishment of a mass spectral database for the analysis of plant hormones. We hope to provide a technical guide for further discovery of new plant hormones. More than 140 research studies on plant hormone published in the past decade are reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the recent advances in mass spectrometry and sample pretreatment techniques in the analysis of plant hormone. The potential progress for further research in plant hormones analysis is also highlighted.

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Section: Mass Spectrometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments and emerging trends of mass spectrometric methods in plant hormone analysis: a review

et al. 2020

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“…Based on their physical and chemical divisibility, ILs have been used for various microextraction techniques. One drop liquid-liquid extraction, surface coated wire, and beads adsorption methods have been applied as microextraction techniques [56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. The practical applications of IL-nanomaterial hybrids for the development of analytical and preconcentration techniques were reviewed [58].…”

Section: Typical Structures Of Bonded-phase For Hilicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The practical applications of IL-nanomaterial hybrids for the development of analytical and preconcentration techniques were reviewed [58]. The properties and diversity of IL applications were described, especially for solid phase microextraction [59]. An improvement in the extraction performance of chromatographic materials might be reflected in the use of ILs for the stationary phase [60].…”

Section: Typical Structures Of Bonded-phase For Hilicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Properties of Packing Materials for Liquid Chromatography

Hanai¹

2019

Separations

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The high performance of chemically-modified silica gel packing materials is based on the utilization of pure silica gels. Earlier silica gels used to be made from inorganic silica; however, nowadays, silica gels are made from organic silanes. The surface smoothness and lack of trace metals of new silica gels permits easy surface modifications (chemical reactions) and improves the reproducibility and stability. Sharpening peak symmetry is based on developing better surface modification methods (silylation). Typical examples can be found in the chromatography of amitriptyline for silanol testing and that of quinizarin for trace metal testing. These test compounds were selected and demonstrated sensitive results in the measurement of trace amounts of either silanol or trace metals. Here, we demonstrate the three-dimensional model chemical structures of bonded-phase silica gels with surface electron density for easy understanding of the molecular interaction sites with analytes. Furthermore, a quantitative explanation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic liquid chromatographies was provided. The synthesis methods of superficially porous silica gels and their modified products were introduced.

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“…In the publications with the highest citation rates, these ionic liquids demonstrate an increasing number of applications; they are used e.g. for extraction [19,20] or as an ionic liquid carbon paste on an electrode for sensitive electrochemical immunoassays [21].…”

Section: Highlights Of Research In Analytical Chemistry -2018mentioning

confidence: 99%