Applications of high‐resolution magic angle spinning MRS in biomedical studies I—cell line and animal models

Abstract

Summary High-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allows for direct measurements of non-liquid tissue and cell specimens to present valuable insights of the cellular metabolisms of physiological and pathological processes. HRMAS produces high resolution spectra comparable to those obtained from solutions of specimen extracts but without complex metabolite extraction processes, and preserves the tissue cellular structure suitable for pathological examinations following spectroscopic analysis. The technique has been applied in a wide variety of biomedical and biochemical studies and become one of the major platforms of metabolomic studies. By quantifying single metabolites, metabolite ratios or metabolic profiles in their entirety, HRMAS presents promising possibilities for diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcomes for various diseases, as well as deciphering of metabolic changes resulting from drug therapies or xenobiotic interactions. In this review, we evaluate HRMAS MRS results on animal models and cell lines reported in literature, and present the diverse applications of the method for the understanding of pathological processes, the effectiveness of therapies, the developments of disease animal models, and the new progresses in the HRMAS methodology.

Metabolomic Prediction of Human Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Histologically Benign Tissue

“…Our results agree with recent widely reported and reviewed knowledge of cellular metabolism in prostate cancer and other malignancies’ development and progression 45 ; we will thus elaborate on only a few new insights.…”

Metabolomic Profiling of Wildtype and Transgenic Giardia lamblia Strains by 1H HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy

“…HR-MAS yields well-resolved liquid-like 1 H-NMR spectra from semi-solid materials, reducing resonance line broadening effects caused by dipolar interactions and magnetic susceptibility differences inherent to most semi-solid materials [27]. Therefore, HR-MAS NMR has become a very attractive tool in the analysis of small metabolites from biological materials such as cells and tissue samples [28,29] or food samples [30][31][32]. Moreover, this method has proven to be suitable for the determination of biomarkers for the metabolic response to anticancer drugs [33][34][35].…”

Metabolic profiling of listeria rhombencephalitis in small ruminants by 1H high‐resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy

“…HR‐MAS NMR has provided insights into the metabolic basis of disease and the identification of biomarkers for neoplastic and degenerative CNS diseases and various other brain dysfunctions . Recently, two excellent reviews have been published reviewing the applications of HR‐MAS magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in biomedical studies . However, there have only been a few reports on infectious diseases of the CNS .…”