Applications of gut microbiota in patients with hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation

Yu, Jifeng; Sun, Hao; Cao, Wenhui; Han, Lijie; Song, Yongping; Wan, Dingming; Jiang, Zhongxing

doi:10.1186/s40164-020-00194-y

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The influence of gut microbiota on host immunity is multifaceted, simultaneously regulating the gut mucosal immune system and systemic immune system (Fig. 2d) [307][308][309][310]. It was reported that the gut microbiota of immunotherapy-sensitive patients was distinct from that of immunotherapy-resistant populations [311,312].…”

Section: Fmt Plus α-Pd-1/pd-l1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions

et al. 2022

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Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the immense success in clinical trials, ten α-PD-1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, sintilimab, camrelizumab, toripalimab, tislelizumab, zimberelimab, prolgolimab, and dostarlimab) and three α-PD-L1 antibodies (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) have been approved for various types of cancers. Nevertheless, the low response rate of α-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy remains to be resolved. For most cancer patients, PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is not the sole speed-limiting factor of antitumor immunity, and it is insufficient to motivate effective antitumor immune response by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 axis. It has been validated that some combination therapies, including α-PD-1/PD-L1 plus chemotherapy, radiotherapy, angiogenesis inhibitors, targeted therapy, other immune checkpoint inhibitors, agonists of the co-stimulatory molecule, stimulator of interferon genes agonists, fecal microbiota transplantation, epigenetic modulators, or metabolic modulators, have superior antitumor efficacies and higher response rates. Moreover, bifunctional or bispecific antibodies containing α-PD-1/PD-L1 moiety also elicited more potent antitumor activity. These combination strategies simultaneously boost multiple processes in cancer-immunity cycle, remove immunosuppressive brakes, and orchestrate an immunosupportive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarized the synergistic antitumor efficacies and mechanisms of α-PD-1/PD-L1 in combination with other therapies. Moreover, we focused on the advances of α-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory strategies in clinical studies. Given the heterogeneity across patients and cancer types, individualized combination selection could improve the effects of α-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory strategies and relieve treatment resistance.

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Section: Fmt Plus α-Pd-1/pd-l1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions

et al. 2022

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“…Although the possible immunoregulatory role of these metabolites is still under investigation, gut microbial/metabolic signatures associated with beneficial or pathogenic potential may represent novel biomarkers for monitoring intestinal and systemic inflammation during HSCT. Of note, the effect of gut microbiota in HSCT is an active research field, also in diseases other than IEI [ 90 , 91 ]. Compelling evidence shows that the gut microbiota has a role in the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) both in adult and pediatric patients [ 92 , 93 ], but the exact mechanisms of this relationship need to be elucidated [ 94 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbiota–host Interactions In Human Inborn Errors Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota–Host Interactions in Inborn Errors of Immunity

Castagnoli

Pala

Bosticardo

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of disorders that are mostly caused by genetic mutations affecting immune host defense and immune regulation. Although IEI present with a wide spectrum of clinical features, in about one third of them various degrees of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement have been described and for some IEI the GI manifestations represent the main and peculiar clinical feature. The microbiome plays critical roles in the education and function of the host’s innate and adaptive immune system, and imbalances in microbiota-immunity interactions can contribute to intestinal pathogenesis. Microbial dysbiosis combined to the impairment of immunosurveillance and immune dysfunction in IEI, may favor mucosal permeability and lead to inflammation. Here we review how immune homeostasis between commensals and the host is established in the gut, and how these mechanisms can be disrupted in the context of primary immunodeficiencies. Additionally, we highlight key aspects of the first studies on gut microbiome in patients affected by IEI and discuss how gut microbiome could be harnessed as a therapeutic approach in these diseases.

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“…Complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remain a major cause of illness and death, limiting the broader applicability of allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation; a number of pre-clinical studies have shown that commensal bacteria influence the pathophysiology of GVHD [10,[17][18][19][20]. Two different strategies with targeted modulation of the GM, pre-emptive and therapeutic, have been used for the prevention and treatment of imbalances of microbial ecosystems in patients with HSCT, succinctly summarised by Yu et al [77] and many of these are currently being investigated in clinical trials.…”

Section: The Gm and Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiome: what the oncologist ought to know

et al. 2021

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The gut microbiome (GM) has been implicated in a vast number of human pathologies and has become a focus of oncology research over the past 5 years. The normal gut microbiota imparts specific function in host nutrient metabolism, xenobiotic and drug metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity of the gut mucosal barrier, immunomodulation and protection against pathogens. Strong evidence is emerging to support the effects of the GM on the development of some malignancies but also on responses to cancer therapies, most notably, immune checkpoint inhibition. Tools for manipulating the GM including dietary modification, probiotics and faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) are in development. Current understandings of the many complex interrelationships between the GM, cancer, the immune system, nutrition and medication are ultimately based on a combination of short‐term clinical trials and observational studies, paired with an ever-evolving understanding of cancer biology. The next generation of personalised cancer therapies focusses on molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity, tumour evolution and immune status; it is distinctly possible that the GM will become an increasingly central focus amongst them. The aim of this review is to provide clinicians with an overview of microbiome science and our current understanding of the role the GM plays in cancer.

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Applications of gut microbiota in patients with hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation

Cited by 16 publications

References 108 publications

Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions

Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions

Gut Microbiota–Host Interactions in Inborn Errors of Immunity

The gut microbiome: what the oncologist ought to know

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