Applications of genome editing in insects

Reid, William; O’Brochta, David A.

doi:10.1016/j.cois.2015.11.001

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…To produce orco mutants, we injected Cas9 protein and gRNA into 3,291 eggs less than 5h of age and produced 42 G0 adults, some of which displayed mutations in at least 97% of PCR amplicons of the orco target site (Figure 1C, STAR Methods). GO mutations in the germline can be inherited by G1 s to produce stable modifications to the genome (Reid and O’Brochta, 2016). Given that O. biroi reproduces through parthenogenesis (Oxley et al, 2014), stable mutant lines can be clonally propagated from individual mutant G1s and subsequent generations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The receptor families involved in pheromone perception in ants have not been functionally characterized, in part because the complex life cycle of ants has hindered the development of functional genetic tools (Grüter and Keller, 2016; Kohno et al, 2016; Reid and O’Brochta, 2016; Schulte et al, 2014). Indeed, to this point no mutant lines in ants have been generated (e.g., using trangenesis, random mutagenesis, or targeted mutagenesis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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orco Mutagenesis Causes Loss of Antennal Lobe Glomeruli and Impaired Social Behavior in Ants

Trible

Olivos-Cisneros

McKenzie

et al. 2017

Cell

223

235

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Summary Life inside ant colonies is orchestrated with diverse pheromones, but it is not clear how ants perceive these social signals. It has been proposed that pheromone perception in ants evolved via expansions in the numbers of odorant receptors (ORs) and antennal lobe glomeruli. Here we generate the first mutant lines in the clonal raider ant, Ooceraea biroi, by disrupting orco, a gene required for the function of all ORs. We find that orco mutants exhibit severe deficiencies in social behavior and fitness, suggesting they are unable to perceive pheromones. Surprisingly, unlike in Drosophila melanogaster, orco mutant ants also lack most of the approximately 500 antennal lobe glomeruli found in wild-type ants. These results illustrate that ORs are essential for ant social organization and raise the possibility that, similar to mammals, receptor function is required for the development and/or maintenance of the highly complex olfactory processing areas in the ant brain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

orco Mutagenesis Causes Loss of Antennal Lobe Glomeruli and Impaired Social Behavior in Ants

Trible

Olivos-Cisneros

McKenzie

et al. 2017

Cell

223

235

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been used as a highly efficient gene editing tool in model insects for genome function research and organism modification. However, some important pests have not been evaluated because of species‐specific difficulties encountered with this technique (Burgess, ; Hsu et al ., ; Reid and O'Brochta, ). In the present study, microinjection of a mixture of Cas9‐plasmid and sgRNA into B. dorsalis eggs successfully induced targeted mutagenesis, resulting in a target phenotype mutant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated 9‐mediated mutagenesis of the multiple edematous wings gene induces muscle weakness and flightlessness in Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Zheng

Sun

et al. 2018

Insect Molecular Biology

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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated 9 (Cas9) system is a versatile, efficient and heritable gene editing tool that can be useful for genome engineering. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major pest of agriculture that causes great economic losses. We used the B. dorsalis multiple edematous wings (Bdmew) gene as the target gene to explore the effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas9 for B. dorsalis genome manipulation. We studied the physiological functions of the Bdmew gene, particularly those related to muscle development. Site‐specific genome editing was feasible using direct microinjection of specific guide RNA and the Cas9‐plasmid into B. dorsalis embryos. Mutation frequencies ranged from 12.1 to 30.2% in the injected generation. Mosaic G0, with the mew mutation, was heritable to the next generation. The G1 displayed a series of defective phenotypes including muscle weakness, flightlessness, failure to eclose, wing folds and unbalanced movement. These results demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9 can act as a highly specific, efficient, heritable tool for genome manipulation in B. dorsalis and this has significance for gene function research and genetic control of pests. The Bdmew gene possesses key functions in muscle development of B. dorsalis. Bdmew mutations cause a series of serious defects by interfering with muscle development and may provide a means for controlling B. dorsalis via a gene‐based method such as gene drive.

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“…Unfortunately, despite substantial effort, GSS are still lacking for most tephritid pests. The recent development of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis in tephritids, however, might enable a faster development of tephritid GSS [188, see reviews by 189, 190].…”

Section: Considerations For Wolbachia-based Iit In Tephritidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia pipientisassociated to tephritid fruit fly pests: from basic research to applications

Mateos

Martínez

Lanzavecchia

et al. 2018

Preprint

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23hominivorax Coquerel); several species of tsetse fly (Glossina spp.); and the codling 71 moth (Cydia pomonella L.) [reviewed in 17, 18]. 72 73 Successful SIT programs as part of Area-wide Integrated Pest Management (IPM) 74 strategies have also been implemented for several tephritids: Ceratitis capitata 75 Wiedemann; Anastrepha ludens Loew; Anastrepha obliqua Macquart; Anastrepha 76 fraterculus Wiedemann; Zeugodacus cucurbitae Coquillett; Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel; 77and Bactrocera tryoni Froggatt [6, 12, 13, 15]. SIT is currently being developed for two 78 additional tephritid species: Dacus ciliatus Loew and Bactrocera tau Walker [19, 20]. 79The advantages of the SIT over other pest control approaches (e.g. use of pesticides) 80 are that it is the most environmentally friendly and resistance is unlikely to evolve [21, 81 22]. 82 83 Another autocidal strategy where mating between mass-reared and wild insects can be 84 used to suppress pest populations is the incompatible insect technique (IIT). IIT also 85 relies on the principle of reducing female fertility, but utilizes endosymbiotic bacteria 86 instead of radiation, to induce a context-dependent sterility in wild females. It is based 87 on the ability of certain maternally inherited bacteria (namely from the genus Wolbachia) 88to induce a form of reproductive incompatibility known as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI; 89 explained in the section below). Herein we review the current knowledge on taxonomic 90 diversity of Wolbachia-tephritid associations and their phenotypic consequences, and 91 identify gaps in knowledge and approaches in the context of potential application of IIT in 92 AW-IPM programs to control tephritid pests. We also discuss scenarios where these 93 two autocidal strategies, SIT and IIT, could be potentially combined for the population 94 suppression of tephritid pests. 95 96 5 The influence of Wolbachia on host ecology 97Insects and other arthropods are common hosts of maternally inherited bacteria 98 [reviewed in 23]. These heritable endosymbionts can have a strong influence on host 99 ecology. Such vertically transmitted bacteria are typically vastly (or fully) dependent on 100 the host for survival and transmission. Certain associations are obligate for both 101 partners, and generally involve a nutritional benefit to the host. Other heritable bacteria 102 are facultative, with such associations ranging from mutualistic to parasitic from the 103 host's perspective. Among these, Wolbachia is the most common and widespread 104 facultative symbiont of insects and arthropods [24][25][26][27]. 105 106 Wolbachia is a diverse and old genus [possibly older than 200 million years; 28] of 107 intracellular gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria (within the order Rickettsiales) 108 associated with arthropods and filarial nematodes. Wolbachia cells resemble small 109 spheres 0.2-1.5 μ m, occur in all tissue types, but tend to be more prevalent in ovaries 110 and testicles of infected hosts, and are closely associated with the female germline 111 [...

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Applications of genome editing in insects

Cited by 57 publications

References 98 publications

orco Mutagenesis Causes Loss of Antennal Lobe Glomeruli and Impaired Social Behavior in Ants

orco Mutagenesis Causes Loss of Antennal Lobe Glomeruli and Impaired Social Behavior in Ants

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated 9‐mediated mutagenesis of the multiple edematous wings gene induces muscle weakness and flightlessness in Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Wolbachia pipientisassociated to tephritid fruit fly pests: from basic research to applications

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