Applications of FTIR and⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer Techniques in Studies of Recently Excavated Indian Archaeological Pottery

Abstract

The Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra and 57 Fe Mössbauer spectra have been recorded at room temperature for the recently excavated archaeological pottery sherds. FTIR spectroscopy is used to estimate the lower limit of ring temperature and ring nature of the pottery sherds, and it is conrmed by the results of the Mössbauer technique results. The results show that the 57 Fe Mössbauer and FTIR spectra of few pottery sherds of Perumalpattu and Theriruveli are nearly identical, indicating that they may belong to the same origin. 57 Fe Mössbauer spectra of black coloured sherds show the presence of Fe 2+ ions which conrm the relation between the black colour in pottery and the existence of non-magnetic FeO compound, resulting from the reducing atmospheric condition during ring. FTIR results of reddish pot sherds show the presence of signicant amount of Fe2O3/α-Fe2O3, which conrms again the relationship between the state and form of iron present in the pottery and its colour.

Investigations of the ancient ceramic sherds excavated from Börükçü site in Muğla, south‐western Turkey, by ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy and statistical multivariate analysis

“…The weak shoulder at 913 cm −1 in the second‐derivative IR spectra is related to Al‐OH deformation vibrations in the octahedral sheet (Dhanapandian et al . 2012; Velraj et al . 2012) in Figure 4.…”

“…2010; Dhanapandian et al . 2012; Velraj et al . 2012, 2015; Kiruba and Ganesan 2015; Măruţoiu et al .…”

“…2008; Dhanapandian et al . 2012; Kiruba and Ganesan 2015; Shoval and Paz 2015; Velraj et al . 2015; Sanjurjo‐Sánchez et al .…”

“…2010; Dhanapandian et al . 2012). It was seen that the amount of hematite is higher than that of magnetite (Table 2).…”

An archaeometric study of the Konya basin metallic ware through FTIR and XRD analysis with chemometrics: Central Anatolian Early Bronze Age ceramics

“…Different firing temperatures alter the composition of the clay and any additional mineral inclusions used in pottery manufacture. For example, magnetite is formed only in reducing firing conditions (Dhanapandian et al, 2012; Ravisankar et al, 2010), while CaMg silicates are formed only above 800–900°C (Shoval & Paz, 2015). Thus, determining the conditions of the firing process in ceramic production (including temperature, duration and firing atmosphere) plays a fundamental role in understanding the compositional transformations of clay minerals in ceramics.…”