“…The theory of fractional-order (Fo) calculus, which has been around for the past three centuries and deals with derivatives and integrals of non-integer order [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], was recently rediscovered by scientists and engineers and is being utilized in various domains such as material sciences [ 14 ], bioengineering [ 15 ], finance [ 16 ], and electronic circuits [ 17 , 18 ], including the field of control theory [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The numerous control techniques such as proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control, the SMC method, and various fuzzy and neural network schemes have all implemented their respective control techniques using a Fo controller [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”