Applications of Chondrocyte-Based Cartilage Engineering: An Overview

Abstract

Chondrocytes are the exclusive cells residing in cartilage and maintain the functionality of cartilage tissue. Series of biocomponents such as different growth factors, cytokines, and transcriptional factors regulate the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation to chondrocytes. The number of chondrocytes and dedifferentiation are the key limitations in subsequent clinical application of the chondrocytes. Different culture methods are being developed to overcome such issues. Using tissue engineering and cell based approaches, chondrocytes offer prominent therapeutic option specifically in orthopedics for cartilage repair and to treat ailments such as tracheal defects, facial reconstruction, and urinary incontinence. Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation/implantation is an improved version of traditional autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) method. An increasing number of studies show the clinical significance of this technique for the chondral lesions treatment. Literature survey was carried out to address clinical and functional findings by using various ACT procedures. The current study was conducted to study the pharmacological significance and biomedical application of chondrocytes. Furthermore, it is inferred from the present study that long term follow-up studies are required to evaluate the potential of these methods and specific positive outcomes.

Tetramethylpyrazine Mitigates Toxicity and Liver Oxidative Stress in Tibial Dyschondroplasia Chickens

“…AST and ALT contents in the serum are important indicator of liver injury. The content of ALP can indicate degree of cartilage cell differentiation and mineral substance, which is closely related to the cartilage reconstruction (Phull et al, 2016). In current study, thiram significant increased the level of AST, which is an indicator to assess the liver function in chickens.…”

Development of three-dimensional articular cartilage construct using silica nano-patterned substrate

“…In our previous study, we proved the potential of FCPCs as a novel cell source for cartilage engineering. These FCPCs showed high cell yields, proliferating, multi-lineage differentiation ability [4]. These results suggest that FCPCs can serve as a suitable cell source for tissue engineering.…”

Osteoarthritis: Current Clinical Concept and Some Promising Therapeutic Approaches

“…[77]. АТХ, по мнению ряда экспертов, позволя-ет восстановить полную структуру гиалинового хряща П р о г р е с с в р е в м а т о л о г и и в X X I в е к е в области его дефектов и тем самым остановить прогрес-сирование ОА [78,79]. Суть этого метода заключается в следующем.…”

“…Масса хондроцитов не только закрывает поврежденный участок, но и активно включается в метаболизм сустава, синтезируя протеогликаны и улучшая трофику соседних участков хрящевой поверхности. При этом использование аутологичного материала обеспечивает наилучшую совме-стимость и позволяет избежать реакции отторжения со стороны макроорганизма [78,79].…”