Applications of Chitin and Chitosan in Industry and Medical Science: A Review

Pokhrel, Shanta; Yadav, Pravesh; Adhikari, Rameshwar

doi:10.3126/njst.v16i1.14363

Cited by 75 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…2) It has a reactive amino group (-NH 2 ) [9]. 3) Availability of reactive hydroxyl groups (-OH) [9].…”

Section: Literature Survey a Chitosan: A Polysaccharidementioning

confidence: 99%

Food Packaging Formulation using Chitosan and Bacteriocin as an Antimicrobial Agent

Sachan¹

2019

IJRASET

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Fruits are the major source of nutrients that are consumed as raw by most of the people across the country. Being nutritive in its value, most of the fruits have a high amount of water content which makes them vulnerable to microbial spoilage. Both bacterial and fungal contaminants are more common in fruit spoilage. Need to preserve them in its true form is necessary without the loss of nutritive values of fruits. Packaging of fruits with antimicrobial agents gives promising results. Chitosan-based packaging with certain bacteriocin has given satisfactory results for the preservation of fruits like papaya. Papaya packaged with chitosan-bacteriocin coated LDPE kept under refrigerated conditions was preserved for more than 3 days.

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“…2) It has a reactive amino group (-NH 2 ) [9]. 3) Availability of reactive hydroxyl groups (-OH) [9].…”

Section: Literature Survey a Chitosan: A Polysaccharidementioning

confidence: 99%

Food Packaging Formulation using Chitosan and Bacteriocin as an Antimicrobial Agent

Sachan¹

2019

IJRASET

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“…Chitin was treated with sodium hydroxide (50% solution) in a 1:10 weight/volume ratio. The reaction was carried out at 100 °C for different intervals of time (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 h) in nitrogen atmosphere (Scheme 1) (Pokhrel et al 2015). To yield a higher viscosity and molecular weight distributions, inert atmospheric conditions of nitrogen was important since substantial degradation effect on chitosan had occurred when deacetylation was carried out in the presence of oxygen (Sekwon 2010).…”

Section: Deacetylation (Da) Of Chitinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Chitosan from Prawn Shells and Characterization of its Structural and Antimicrobial Properties

Pokhrel

Lach

Grellmann³

et al. 2016

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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Chitin was prepared from prawn shells waste by chemical treatments viz. demineralization, deproteinization and decolorization. Chitosan was prepared by deacetylation of chitin with 50% NaOH at 100 °C in the presence of nitrogen. Deacetylation was performed at different intervals of time to get a series of chitosans having different degrees of deacetylation. Prepared chitosans were characterized by molecular weight determination, degree of deacetylation, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning electron micrography (SEM). The degree of deacetylation of chitosans was calculated by acid base titration and potentiometric titration. The molecular weights of commercial and prepared chitosan (CS-4.0) samples were determined using the Mark- Houwink equation and were found to be 3.5 × 105 (g/mole) and 3.3 × 104 (g/mole), respectively. The degree of deacetylation was found to linearly increase with the increase of reaction time. FTIR spectra showed the characteristic peaks of chitin and chitosan. Antimicrobial screening results revealed that the prepared chitosan (CS-4.0) was equally or more biologically active than the commercial chitosan.

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“…These confer to chitin a number of specific physico-chemical properties such as accessibility of the internal sites in the macromolecular chains, the swelling properties in water, or diffusional properties, whereas biological properties consist of nontoxic, biodegradable, biocompatible, bioadhesion, and bioactivity [22]. Thus, chitin is widely applied in various medical treatments [23,24]. In CPE, nonwoven mats type separators based on regenerated chitin fibers showed excellent electrolyte-uptaking capability and Li-dendrite-mitigating performances in lithium batteries [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Modification and Processing of Chitin for Sustainable Production of Biobased Electrolytes

et al. 2020

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In the present work we report on the development of a novel and sustainable electrolyte based on chitin. Chitin biopolymer was carboxymethylated in simple, mild, and green conditions in order to fine-tune the final properties of the electrolyte. To this end, chitin was modified for various reaction times, while the molar ratio of the reagents, e.g., sodium hydroxide and monochloroacetic acid, was maintained fixed. The resulting chitin derivatives were characterized using various techniques. Under optimized conditions, modified chitin derivatives exhibiting a distinct degree of carboxymethylation and acetylation were obtained. Structural features, morphology, and properties are discussed in relation to the chemical structure of the chitin derivatives. For electrolyte applications, the ionic conductivity increased by three magnitudes from 10−9 S·cm−1 for unmodified chitin to 10−6 S·cm−1 for modified chitin with the highest degree of acetylation. Interestingly, the chitin derivatives formed free-standing films with and without the addition of up to 60% of ionic liquid, the ionic conductivity of the obtained solid electrolyte system reaching the value of 10−3 S·cm−1.

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Applications of Chitin and Chitosan in Industry and Medical Science: A Review

Cited by 75 publications

References 28 publications

Food Packaging Formulation using Chitosan and Bacteriocin as an Antimicrobial Agent

Food Packaging Formulation using Chitosan and Bacteriocin as an Antimicrobial Agent

Synthesis of Chitosan from Prawn Shells and Characterization of its Structural and Antimicrobial Properties

Chemical Modification and Processing of Chitin for Sustainable Production of Biobased Electrolytes

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