Applications of Blockchains in the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey

Ali, Muhammad Salek; Vecchio, Massimo; Pincheira, Miguel; Dolui, Koustabh; Antonelli, Fabio; Rehmani, Mubashir Husain

doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2886932

Cited by 630 publications

(450 citation statements)

References 177 publications

(275 reference statements)

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“…Ref. [8] attempted to give a comprehensive survey on application of blockchain in IoT. The work of [9] gives a categorization of applications of blockchain for IoT.…”

Section: Arxiv:190600245v3 [Csni] 1 Sep 2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 presents a possible deployment scenario of BCoT, in which cloud servers and edge servers may store the whole blockchain (or partial blockchain) data while IoT devices may only save the particial blockchain data. In addition to the deployment of BCoT, there are also several possible interaction manners between IoT and blockchain [8]: (i) direct interaction between IoT and blockchain, in which IoT devices can directly access blockchain data saved at edge servers co-located with IoT gateways, Macro Base Stations (MBS) or Small BS; (ii) direct interaction between IoT nodes, in which IoT nodes can directly exchange/access partial blockchain data via D2D links; (iii) hybrid interaction of cloud and edge servers with IoT devices, in which IoT devices can interact with blockchain data through edge/cloud servers.…”

Section: Deployment Of Bcotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

Dai

Zheng

Zhang

2019

IEEE Internet Things J.

972

397

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Internet of Things (IoT) is reshaping the incumbent industry to smart industry featured with data-driven decisionmaking. However, intrinsic features of IoT result in a number of challenges such as decentralization, poor interoperability, privacy and security vulnerabilities. Blockchain technology brings the opportunities in addressing the challenges of IoT. In this paper, we investigate the integration of blockchain technology with IoT. We name such synthesis of blockchain and IoT as Blockchain of Things (BCoT). This paper presents an in-depth survey of BCoT and discusses the insights of this new paradigm. In particular, we first briefly introduce IoT and discuss the challenges of IoT. Then we give an overview of blockchain technology. We next concentrate on introducing the convergence of blockchain and IoT and presenting the proposal of BCoT architecture. We further discuss the issues about using blockchain for 5G beyond in IoT as well as industrial applications of BCoT. Finally, we outline the open research directions in this promising area.

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“…Ref. [8] attempted to give a comprehensive survey on application of blockchain in IoT. The work of [9] gives a categorization of applications of blockchain for IoT.…”

Section: Arxiv:190600245v3 [Csni] 1 Sep 2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deployment Of Bcotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

Dai

Zheng

Zhang

2019

IEEE Internet Things J.

972

397

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Together with the finalization delay, this prevents the use of DLTs for URLLC applications. 1 We quantify verification and finalization delays for several DLTs in Section VI.…”

Section: Will Dlts Fit With Iot Applications?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication Aspects of the Integration of Wireless IoT Devices with Distributed Ledger Technology

et al. 2020

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The pervasive need to safely share and store information between devices calls for the replacement of centralized trust architectures with the decentralized ones. Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) are seen as the most promising enabler of decentralized trust, but they still lack technological maturity and their successful adoption depends on the understanding of the fundamental design trade-offs and their reflection in the actual technical design. This work focuses on the challenges and potential solutions for an effective integration of DLTs in the context of Internet-of-Things (IoT). We first introduce the landscape of IoT applications and discuss the limitations and opportunities offered by DLTs. Then, we review the technical challenges encountered in the integration of resource-constrained devices with distributed trust networks. We describe the common traits of lightweight synchronization protocols, and propose a novel classification, rooted in the IoT perspective. We identify the need of receiving ledger information at the endpoint devices, implying a two-way data exchange that contrasts with the conventional uplink-oriented communication technologies intended for IoT systems.

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“…It is not entirely open and is partially decentralized. The selection of main nodes and access control is defined by consortiums/enterprises to control access inside the BC …”

Section: Blockchain Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain‐based security aspects in heterogeneous Internet‐of‐Things networks: A survey

Pohrmen

Das

Saha

2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Blockchain is a key technology that enables cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Litecoin, etc. In recent years, researchers have ventured into tapping the potential of blockchain‐based ecosystems beyond cryptocurrencies. This paper explores the convergence of blockchain with the Internet of things (IoT) and its improved versions like software‐defined network (SDN)–based IoT, which are upcoming technologies in the area. This paper gives a brief description of the IoT and its challenges, especially the security aspects. It also discusses how blockchain concept can further resolve these challenges on the SDN‐based IoT platform. This paper first discussed the evolution of conventional IoT to the SDN‐based IoT, which can resolve many drawbacks of a conventional IoT system. Also, it is focused on how the concept of blockchain can be converged with SDN‐based IoT system to further improve its security aspects. Although the convergence of these different technologies has resulted into many advantages, many associated challenges still remain. This paper highlighted these challenges and opportunities to discover many other research issues that need to be resolved. The details of current literature on the same issue has also been highlighted in this paper.

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Applications of Blockchains in the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey

Cited by 630 publications

References 177 publications

Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

Communication Aspects of the Integration of Wireless IoT Devices with Distributed Ledger Technology

Blockchain‐based security aspects in heterogeneous Internet‐of‐Things networks: A survey

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