Applications of biosensors in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis

Brazaca, Laís Canniatti; Sampaio, Isabella; Zucolotto, Valtencir; Janegitz, Bruno C.

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120644

Cited by 84 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…On one hand, the purpose of the neuroimaging methods is assessing the hippocampal atrophy through magnetic resonance imaging and the cortical Aβ deposition through positron emission tomography. On the other hand, CSF analyses aim to provide quantitative measurements of Aβ and tau protein levels as AD biomarkers [ 18 ]. However, the available methods are expensive, relatively invasive [ 18 , 28 ], and have low sensitivity and specificity, which result in the risks of either overdiagnosis or undiagnosed, misattributed, or dismissed and ignored symptoms [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, CSF analyses aim to provide quantitative measurements of Aβ and tau protein levels as AD biomarkers [ 18 ]. However, the available methods are expensive, relatively invasive [ 18 , 28 ], and have low sensitivity and specificity, which result in the risks of either overdiagnosis or undiagnosed, misattributed, or dismissed and ignored symptoms [ 29 , 30 ]. Additionally, as there is a serious lack of AD diagnosis assays at all illness stages, patients are generally diagnosed late, which places a great burden on the health systems [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the available methods are expensive, relatively invasive [ 18 , 28 ], and have low sensitivity and specificity, which result in the risks of either overdiagnosis or undiagnosed, misattributed, or dismissed and ignored symptoms [ 29 , 30 ]. Additionally, as there is a serious lack of AD diagnosis assays at all illness stages, patients are generally diagnosed late, which places a great burden on the health systems [ 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, the development of novel methods of AD early detection and accurate diagnosis is essential [ 17 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection strategies based on novel biomarkers beyond Aβ and tau protein could represent a promising solution for the early diagnosis of AD [ 18 ]. However, as no single biomarker can be used to accurately diagnose AD, a combination of biomarkers could significantly increase diagnostic accuracy [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease—An Up-To-Date Overview

2020

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Neurodegeneration is a highly complex process which is associated with a variety of molecular mechanisms related to ageing. Among neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common, affecting more than 45 million individuals. The underlying mechanisms involve amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) deposition, which will subsequently lead to oxidative stress, chronic neuroinflammation, neuron dysfunction, and neurodegeneration. The current diagnosis methods are still limited in regard to the possibility of the accurate and early detection of the diseases. Therefore, research has shifted towards the identification of novel biomarkers and matrices as biomarker sources, beyond amyloid-β and tau protein levels within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), that could improve AD diagnosis. In this context, the aim of this paper is to provide an overview of both conventional and novel biomarkers for AD found within body fluids, including CSF, blood, saliva, urine, tears, and olfactory fluids.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease—An Up-To-Date Overview

2020

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“…The cleavage of APP occurs by two different pathways: amyloidogenic, which is the causative of amyloidogenic diseases, including AD, and non-amyloidogenic [ 10 ]. In the amyloidogenic pathway, APP is cleaved by β-secretase (identified as BACE1) and γ-secretase (composed of four proteins including presenilin protein) on the N- and C-terminal ends, generating peptides of 39–43 amino acids [ 11 , 12 ], Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42) being predominant. However, this cleavage occurs only in 10–20% of cases, as the predominant cleavage pathway (non-amyloidogenic) is performed by α-secretase between 16 and 17 residues [ 13 ], generating non-amyloidogenic peptides.…”

Section: Biomarkers For Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials for Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease

Toyos-Rodríguez

Alonso

Escosura‐Muñiz

2020

Sensors

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an untreatable neurodegenerative disease that initially manifests as difficulty to remember recent events and gradually progresses to cognitive impairment. The incidence of AD is growing yearly as life expectancy increases, thus early detection is essential to ensure a better quality of life for diagnosed patients. To reach that purpose, electrochemical biosensing has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to traditional diagnostic techniques, due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. Of special relevance is the incorporation of nanomaterials in biosensors, as they contribute to enhance electron transfer while promoting the immobilization of biological recognition elements. Moreover, nanomaterials have also been employed as labels, due to their unique electroactive and electrocatalytic properties. The aim of this review is to add value in the advances achieved in the detection of AD biomarkers, the strategies followed for the incorporation of nanomaterials and its effect in biosensors performance.

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Freestanding Nanofiber‐Assembled Aptasensor for Precisely and Ultrafast Electrochemical Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers

Liu,

Yuan,

Liu

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Amyloid beta‐protein (Aβ) is a main hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a low amount of Aβ protein accumulation appears to be a potential marker for AD. Here, we developed an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on polyamide/polyaniline carbon nanotubes (PA/PANI‐CNTs) with the aim of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease early using a simple, low‐cost, and accessible method to rapidly detect Aβ42 in human blood. Electrospun PA nanofibers served as the skeleton for the successive in‐situ deposition of PANI and CNTs, which contributed both high conductivity and abundant binding sites for the Aβ42 aptamers. After the aptamers were immobilized, this aptasensor exhibited precise and specific detection of Aβ42 in human blood within only 4 min with an extremely fastest response rate, lower detection limit, and excellent linear detection range. These findings make a significant contribution to advancing the development of serum‐based detection techniques for Aβ42, thereby paving the way for improved diagnostic capabilities in the field of AD.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Applications of biosensors in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis

Cited by 84 publications

References 82 publications

Body Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease—An Up-To-Date Overview

Body Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease—An Up-To-Date Overview

Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials for Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease

Freestanding Nanofiber‐Assembled Aptasensor for Precisely and Ultrafast Electrochemical Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers

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