Applications of biochemiluminescence to HACCP

Abstract

The hazard analysis critical control point) (HACCP) system is set up with the aim of ensuring the harmlessness of food along the process chain, from the producer to the ultimate consumer. To set up this system, it is necessary to perform an analysis to identify the dangers and the critical points of the process in real time. Living organisms are detected on the principle of measurement of cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is produced by all living cells and of particularly by microorganisms. The principle of the bioluminescence of firefly luciferase is applied, whereby a reduced form of luciferin, together with a molecule of oxygen and ATP in the presence of the enzyme luciferase, produces a reaction in which oxyluciferine is released, together with AMP. This is accompanied by a simultaneous release of photons, which are then quantified. The emission spectra recorded with the firefly luciferin/luciferase system is obtained with absolute sensitivity. The method of ATP assays here proposed is adapted for measuring the total content of different adenylates in the cell, i.e. the adenylate pool. ATP concentration is then measured through bioluminescence, i.e. the light is measured by a photomultiplier tube detector and the signal is converted to relative light units (RLU). Thus, RLU have a relationship with the amount of ATP present in the sample, which is not the case with traditional methods. Adequate levels of sensitivity are calculated with appropriate controls and the readings are translated into a statistical designation of positive or negative result. There are numerous illustrations of HACCP applications using biochemiluminescence (BCL) techniques as detection technology in food industry production lines and in control of critical points in real time in industrial applications.

Properties and cleanability of new and traditional agricultural surface materials

“…In general it is known that one ATP molecule produces one photon of light, and thus the light intensity from the reaction is proportional to the amount of ATP in the sample (Green et al 1999). The ATP method is normally used for detection of surface contamination (Davidson et al 1999, Storgårds 2000, Champiat et al 2001, Wirtanen et al 2002, Redsven et al 2007, and on the basis of these studies from other fields of application, the method was tested on agricultural surfaces and soils in the present study.…”

Synchronous front-face fluorescence spectroscopy as a promising tool for the rapid determination of spoilage bacteria on chicken breast fillet

“…In recent years some new techniques were introduced to replace the culture dependent techniques. Several methods have been used since last two decades including some enumeration techniques based on microscopy (Pyle, Broadaway, & McFeters, 1999), ATP bioluminescence (Champiat, Matas, Monfort, & Fraass, 2001) and measurement of electrical phenomenon Food Research International 44 (2011) 471-480 (Betts, 1999) or some detection methods including immunological (Jabbar & Joishy, 1999) and molecular-based techniques (ELISA, PCR, etc.) (Mullis & Faloona, 1987).…”

Rapid Non-destructive Detection of Spoilage of Intact Chicken Breast Muscle Using Near-infrared and Fourier Transform Mid-infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Statistics

“…In addition, methods using adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assays, enumeration methods based on microscopy, the measurement of electrical phenomena (Champiat et al 2001), polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Hong et al 2003) have been investigated extensively.…”