Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Medical Education: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to support medical students’ learning journeys, providing personalized experiences and improved outcomes. We conducted a scoping review to explore the current application and classifications of AI in medical education. Following the PRISMA-P guidelines, we searched four databases, ultimately including 22 studies. Our analysis identified four AI methods used in various medical education domains, with the majority of applications found in training labs. The use of AI in medical education has the potential to improve patient outcomes by equipping healthcare professionals with better skills and knowledge. Post-implementation refers to the outcomes of AI-based training, which showed improved practical skills among medical students. This scoping review highlights the need for further research to explore the effectiveness of AI applications in different aspects of medical education.

Enhancing clinical skills in pediatric trainees: a comparative study of ChatGPT-assisted and traditional teaching methods

“…The unanimous satisfaction with ChatGPT-assisted learning points to AI’s capacity to enhance student engagement. This positive response could be attributed to the personalized and interactive nature of the AI experience, catering to diverse learning styles [ 13 , 14 ]. However, it is critical to consider the potential for overreliance on technology and the need for maintaining an appropriate balance between AI and human interaction in medical training.…”

Revolutionizing nursing education and care: The role of artificial intelligence in nursing

“…AI-assisted learning assessment can lead to a more objective, faster, more cost-effective assessment process and provide more extensive individualized feedback. 36,37 AI can evaluate students without bias and with high speed and accuracy. 3 On the other hand, Assessment of assignments and tests usually takes a lot of time from professors who can use this time to prepare for class and respond to students.…”

“…AI allows students to track their progress, identify weaknesses, and receive immediate guidance for improvement. AI‐assisted learning assessment can lead to a more objective, faster, more cost‐effective assessment process and provide more extensive individualized feedback 36,37 . AI can evaluate students without bias and with high speed and accuracy 3…”

“…Despite these significant benefits, the integration of AI in nursing education is not without challenges. Ensuring data privacy and security, addressing concerns about job displacement, adapting to rapidly evolving AI technologies, long‐term effects of AI‐assisted learning on student performance, evaluating the impact of AI‐driven tools on instructor student interactions, and exploring the ethical considerations of incorporating AI technologies in nursing education are among the key hurdles that educators and institutions must navigate 37 …”

Twelve tips for addressing ethical concerns in the implementation of artificial intelligence in medical education

“…AI undoubtedly can revolutionize medical education by facilitating and improving personalized learning, instant access to a wide range of information, technology-enhanced teaching, adaptive assessments, immediate contextual feedback, collaborative learning through virtual platforms and support faculty in creating advanced, data-driven curricula to stay aligned with the dynamic landscape of education [ 3 ]. However, along with these transformative benefits, AI also raises significant ethical concerns including privacy issues related to the handling and security of sensitive student and patient data, biases inherent in AI algorithms that could lead to unequal educational opportunities or misinterpretations in clinical training, the lack of transparency in AI decision-making processes making it difficult for users to understand how conclusions are drawn, and the potential devaluation of human judgment as AI becomes more integrated into educational frameworks [ 4 ]. Even though AI has numerous advantages, medical schools worldwide are yet to explore AI to its full potential with robust implementation.…”